Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate Central Observatory Workshop 1 and 2 Nov Based on experiences: N-ICE, SHEBA, PS106 Involvement of all teams Documentation of the process Now: first draft Then refining based on this workshop and continuous process Needs: critical view, contributions, suggestions Needs not: safety discussions

Selecting the Floe Decisions at home Drift path criteria Now: Plans with 84-85°N / 105-120°E In 2019: Refining based on actual ice conditions Drift path criteria Survival for 1 year Lowest risk to Greenland and Beaufort Gyre Lowest risk into Russian EEZ Best position for supply and airborne campaign At the starting position Origin and history of the floe: one year old from Laptev Sea Distance to open water Surrounding ice conditions (Distributed Network) Ice thickness distribution (re-supply) Floe size Figure: T. Krumpen

The Initial Phase Arriving at the floe Set-up priorities Polarstern goes along side of the floe Set-up support on the Central Observatory from 2nd vessel 2nd vessel to support Set-up of distributed network Possible exchange of personnel and equipment General plan: ice station on starboard side Set-up only after intensive floe inspection and on-board coordination Set-up choice and spare installations <= break ups Set-up priorities Define a time window for set-up work Teams need to define their priorities Will define a start date for “regular” measurements and operations

Main Installations 1/2 Met City Ocean City ECO Sites BGC Sites Met towers: 15 or 20m high, 10m high, mobile Radiation Tethered Balloon SODAR Aerosols, blowing snow Ocean City Weather haven (e.g. CTD, MSS, ECO profiling) Small tents (e.g. ADCP) ECO Sites Various holes (Primary productivity, Sediment traps, incubations, AZFP) Coring areas (200x200m) BGC Sites Coring areas (100x100m) Snow samplings (100x100m) Water pumping

Main Installations 2/2 ICE Sites Close to Polarstern Others 2 ROV sites (hut and tent) Airborne and remote sensing no-go with transects around (2x1km) 2 main buoy sites (100x100m) Small masts (e.g. to lead) Ablation stake field (4x 50x50m) Remote sensing antennas (100x100m) Optic stations and transect Close to Polarstern Hovercraft and helicopter landing Shelter for Pistenbulli / Skidoos AUV launch Contamination site (50x50m) Others Distributed shelters and safety equipment Runway Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Site Distributed installations (e.g. thermistor strings, chambers, cameras, LIDAR)

The Set-Up Dependencies of measurements and installations Distances to other sites Contamination (distance and direction to Polarstern) Ropes No or limited access areas Power supply Distance to power line Impacts and dependencies Holes in summer Electronic / electromagnetic / acoustic interference Light pollution Across teams and methods (holes, interference, contamination, …) Impacts of Polarstern and supply vessels Traffic on the floe / pathways Maintaining the surface (snow accumulation) Snow and ice conditions Surface conditions, being representative New ice formation and riding Break up scenarios

The Floe Map

Beyond the Central Observatory The 2-km site Observations and sampling with least impact of Polarstern and the Central Observatory Routine visits (need coordination with other remote work: Helicopter, Hovercraft) Could have flagged track to Polarstern The 10-km site Access by Hovercraft and Helicopter Close nodes of the distributed network 5-km nodes Super sites at 15 km

Beyond the Central Observatory

Additional aspects Floe coordinate and meta-data system Measurements must have x/y coordinates Need to maintain local coordinate system of ALL sites, measurements, etc. Ice Station Log book AIM: The MOSAiC story book, a quick summary of each day Daily log of all team leaders and coordinators on board Needs to be designed Ice conditions, weather, ocean Measurements Coordinated external observations Action item list Solve the WHO aspects Next status meeting: July 2019

Coordination on Board Mission Board for regular briefings Weekly plans Cruise leader with 5 team leaders (incl. co-cruise leader) Organizing the 24h routines Cross-team and method dependencies (interference, contamination, …) Weekly plans Synchronizing activities on the floe and on Polarstern Considering weather conditions and safety aspects Distributing limited supplies (scooters, weapons, …) Binding regulations for all participants Development over next year at AWI Including international expertise The big WHO General duties, services and maintenance Installations, huts, shelters on the ice Powerline Pistenbulli and scooters