David Starobinski Boston University 11/03/2016 Connected Vehicles David Starobinski Boston University 11/03/2016 Activities

Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Applications

References: http://www.safercar.gov/v2v/index.html Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 References: http://www.safercar.gov/v2v/index.html

Connected Vehicle Technology Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Connected Vehicle Technology Dedicated Short Range Communications (Wi-Fi adapted for moving vehicles) 300 m range FCC 5.9 GHz spectrum allocation Basic Safety Message (BSM): 10 times/sec Vehicles listen to other vehicles’ BSMs and issue warnings as needed

BSM Contents Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Position, speed, heading. Varying length. On the order of a few hundreds bytes. Part II is optional and contains other attributes.

In-vehicle Components Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 In-vehicle Components

Typical latency requirements Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Typical latency requirements End-to-end! From the time a sensing signal is recorded on vehicle 1 till a warning is issued on vehicle 2.

Spectrum allocation Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Two channels: 10 MHz wide: 172 (exclusively for BSMs) and 178 (control channel) Typically requires two radios

Many standards! Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Need to consider all layers not only MAC and PHY

Challenges Channel congestion Security Spectrum sharing Connected vehicles 11/03/2016 Challenges Channel congestion May arise at high vehicle density Requires mitigation mechanisms Security Communication overhead (e.g., digital signatures, digital certificates) Computation overhead (e.g., signature verification) Spectrum sharing Co-channel interferences Adjacent channel interferences Trade-off: range vs congestion Trade-off: security vs performance Trade-off: spectrum utilization vs safety