CHROMOSOMES

Karyotype A Karyotype represents the set of chromosomes that an individual has Human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes which are organized into 23 pairs. Chromosome Pairs 1-22 are called autosomes Chromosome Pair 23 are the sex chromosomes XX –Female XY- Male

Chromosome from MOM Chromosome from DAD http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/basics/karyotype/

Homologous Chromosomes Each set of chromosomes are called Homologous Chromosomes because they appear similar in length, centromere location, and banding pattern when stained However, they are NOT identical Remember: One chromosome came from your mom and one from your dad

Homologous Chromosomes Each pair of homologous chromosomes contain genes for the expression of the same trait, such as eye colour at the same location However, they may carry different forms of the same gene. These are called Alleles. Example: Dad’s Allele: express brown eyes Mom’s Allele: express green eyes