The integumentary system by Kelly Hutchison R.n.

What covers the outside of the human body? Even though we call this the skin, it is really a body system called the integumentary system.

Objectives for this unit: A. Label a diagram of a cross section of the skin B. Differentiate between the two types of skin glands C. Identify six functions of the skin D. Provide the correct names for three abnormal colors of the skin and identify the cause of each abnormal color E. Describe skin eruptions F. Describe the diseases of the integumentary system

Also called organ because it contains several kinds of tissues Skin has been called a membrane because it covers the body Also called organ because it contains several kinds of tissues Most studies called it a system because it has organs and other parts that work together for a particular function

There are 3 layers of skin: Epidermis Dermis Subcutanous fascia or hypodermis

Epidermis Outermost layer of skin Made of five to six smaller layers Two main layers (1) Stratum corneum: outermost layer where cells constantly shed (2) Stratum germinativum: provides cells to replace cells in strata corneum Contains no blood vessels or nerve cells

Dermis Also called dorium or true skin Has framework of elastic connective tissue. Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels,nerves, involuntary muscle, sweat and oil glands, and hair follicles. Top of the dermis is covered with papillae.

Papillae (located on top layer of dermis) Fit into ridges on the stratum germinativum of the epidermis Ridges form lines or striations on the Skin Pattern of ridges is unique for each Individual Pattern is used for fingerprints and footprints Form a method of identification

An Arch goes from one side to another. Loops Arches Whorls A Loop starts and ends at the same side, which is the side of the opening. An Arch goes from one side to another. A Whorl is roughly circular, with the ridge lines going all the way around.

Subcutanous Proper name Subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis Innermost layer of skin Made of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and adipose (fatty) tissue Connects skin to underlying muscles

The skin has glands: Sudoriferous (sweat) Sebaceous (oil)

Sudoriferous glands Coiled tubes that extend through dermis Sweat glands Coiled tubes that extend through dermis Open on surface of the skin at an opening called a pore Eliminate sweat or perspiration that contains water, salts, and some body wastes

Sebaceous glands Sebum: Oil glands Usually open onto a hair follicle Produce oil called sebum Sebum: Keeps hair from becoming dry and brittle Antibacterial and antifungal secretion so it also helps prevent infections Blackhead or pimple occurs when oil glands becomes plugged with dirt and oil

Hair (another part of the integumentary system) Consists of a root that grows in a hollow tube called a follicle, and a hair shaft Helps protect the body Covers all body surfaces except for the palms of the hands and soles of the feet

2007 Guiness World Record longest hair in the world JUST FOR FUN FACT

Alopecia or baldness Permanent loss of hair on the scalp Genetic condition Common in men but can occur in women

Nails- Protect the fingers and toes from injury Made of dead keratinized epidermal epithelial cells, which are packed closely together to form a thick dense surface Cells formed in nail bed Cells will regrow if lost if nail bed is not damaged

Injury to nail bed can result in white spots on nail or abnormal shape of nail itself

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