THE NERVE IMPULSE.

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Presentation transcript:

THE NERVE IMPULSE

NEURON AT REST outside Na/K pump inside Na+ K+ Voltage Voltage Gated

What is the charge of the neuron at rest?

NERVE IMPULSE

1. SODIUM GATED CHANNELS OPEN Na+ Na+ Na+ outside Na/K pump K+ Voltage Gated Pump inside

2. POTASSIUM GATED CHANNELS OPEN outside Na/K pump Na+ Voltage Gated Pump K+ Voltage Gated Pump K+ K+ K+ inside

3. HYPERPOLARIZATION Na+ K+ Na+ Na+ K+ K+ outside Na/K pump K+ inside Voltage Gated Pump K+ Voltage Gated Pump K+ inside K+

4. RETURN TO RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL K+ K+ Na+ Na+ Na+ K+ K+ outside Na/K pump Na+ Voltage Gated Pump K+ Voltage Gated Pump K+ inside K+

Threshold value

PROPAGATION the change in potential in one area causes the adjacent channels to open

SULTATORY CONDUCTION

TRANSMISSION FROM ONE NEURON TO ANOTHER CELL Post synaptic cell (e.g. dendrite of another neuron) Pre-synaptic cell Axon end Synaptic cleft

STEPS INVOLVED 7. 2. 8. 1. Ca2+ 3. 5. Ach Ach Ach 4. Ach Ach 6.

EFFECT ON TARGET CELL

DRUG EFFECT ON NEUROTRANSMITTERS

NEUROTRANSMITTERS Acetylcholine Excitatory and inhibitory effect depending on where it binds Muscle cells contain nicotinic receptors CNS contain both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors

Dopamine Movement, attention and learning Decrease can cause Parkinson’s disease Increase can cause Schizophrenia Adrenalin Increase heart rate Noradrenalin Involved in alertness and wakefulness Seratonin Inhibitory post-synaptic potentials Regulation of mood; control of eating; control of sleep and arousal; regulation of pain; control of dreaming LSD interferes causing dreaming while awake