Victorian Novel Victorian novel or Victorian literature is the literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837-1901) (the Victorian era). It forms a link and transition between the writers of the romantic period and the very different literature of the 20th century. The 19th century is often regarded as a high point in British literature as well as in other countries such as France, the United States and Russia. Books, and novels in particular, became ubiquitous, and the "Victorian novelist" created legacy works with continuing appeal.

Industrialization Education Themes Class Children

Education Nicholas Nickleby, Charles Dickens: “ we go upon the pratical mode of teaching, Nickleby-theregular education system. C-l-e-a-n, clean, verb active, to make bright, to scour. W-i-n, win, d-e-r, winder, a casement. When the boy knows this out of book, he goes and does it. It’s just the same principle as the use of yhe globes.” This novel exposes the appaling educational institutions of the Victorian period . Thought Nicholas ‘s eyes , the novel’s central hero,the reader sees a pitful group of boys bearing yhe marks of suffering and the comic ill-treatment meted out of them by the Squeers family. During the Victorian age , the school was required to teach to the student how to think ( there wasn’t freedom of thought). Must conform to the mass.

Industrialization Hard Times, Charles Dickens:” it was a town of red brick , or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and asches had allowed it;” , “ a river that ran purple with ill-smelling dye” , “people equally like one another”, “every day the same as yesterday and tomorrow”, “ the jall might have been the infirmary.” This novel is set in Coketown, an imaginary town which recalls the actual enviroment of Nothern mill towns and becomes a symbolic representation of the economy and spiritual poverty that oppresses its working class. Industrialization is seen as a threat to making, as it tends to turn human beings into machines by suffocating their emotions and imagination.

Children Oliver Twist, Charles Dickens: “Oliver Twist and his companions suffered the tortues of slow starvation for three months” , “he was afraid he might some night happen to eat the boy who slpet next him” , “the master aimed a blow at Oliver’s head withe the laddle” , “ that boy will be hung.” This novel describes the ill- treatmnet of children in the workhouses of the Victorian Age have never lost their endouring emotional appeal.the workhouse where Oliver and his companions live is based on charitable insttutions of the time which treated the poor as if poverty was a crime.

Class In the Victorian Age there are two different class : the worker and the capitalist. The problem of relationship between one class and another, the desire to rise and fear of falling the social ladder and the problems that arose from exploitation of labour and corruption or inadequacy in the social services born by tree important thoughts: Darwinism:only the strongest suvive Puritanism : if you progress to the social ladder , the bless of God is recognazed. Utilirarism: “time is money and must be invested well”

Features of Vivtorian Novel The narrator is in third person; he is omniscent and intrusive ( Let us strike ; if the reader shoul prefer it ). So the reader is adressed have to follow the narrator’s thoughts. The predominat settings are the city : the fenomenon of urbanization ( peoples move from the country to the town) Linguistic devices : he juxtaposes or mixes sad and comic details ; he uses hiperbole , exagerations ( per diem); he ridicules what intendes to criticise by repeating words / phrases/ sencente structure (fact, fatc, fact ; man perfectly devoidof sentiment) , he uses the languange of sense impresions ( red brick , a river that ran purple with ill- smelling dye) , metaphorical use nof the language ( like the head of an elephant in a state of melancholy madness) .

Characterization : the use of pathos and grotesque Characterization : the use of pathos and grotesque. The narrator describes the protagonists throught their action and what they say ; using the irony and the exageration to entertaiment the reader but also to do reflect him about the social conditions of that period. PATHOS was analogous to huminatirianism and philantropy ; GROTESQUE describes the humorous strategies of discourse as the world of sin , vice and damnetion, the place of the sinful and therefore damned. the fuction of Victorian Novel is to educate , to amuse and to create opinions to the readers.