The Evolution of London’s Air Quality Strategy City of London The Evolution of London’s Air Quality Strategy February 27, 2012

Every City is Unique Now, of course, not all of our energy we use is oil Natural gas, used mostly for heating air and water, accounts for 41% Gasoline, including ethanol-blends, accounts for 25%. Of interest to note is that over one-fifth of the gasoline sold in London is ethanol-blended gasoline (10% ethanol) Electricity accounts for 22% of our energy demand. In Ontario, electricity is generated from a variety of energy sources. In 2006: over half (54%) was generated by nuclear power plants over one-fifth (22%) was generated by hydro-electric dams 16% was generated by burning coal The remaining 8% came from burning natural gas and renewables

How Are We Doing On Smog?

Lower Tailpipe Emissions Source: The Clean Air Foundation and the Canadian Vehicle Manufacturers Association

Air Quality – Local Sources of NOx Now, of course, not all of our energy we use is oil Natural gas, used mostly for heating air and water, accounts for 41% Gasoline, including ethanol-blends, accounts for 25%. Of interest to note is that over one-fifth of the gasoline sold in London is ethanol-blended gasoline (10% ethanol) Electricity accounts for 22% of our energy demand. In Ontario, electricity is generated from a variety of energy sources. In 2006: over half (54%) was generated by nuclear power plants over one-fifth (22%) was generated by hydro-electric dams 16% was generated by burning coal The remaining 8% came from burning natural gas and renewables

Air Quality – Local Sources of VOCs Now, of course, not all of our energy we use is oil Natural gas, used mostly for heating air and water, accounts for 41% Gasoline, including ethanol-blends, accounts for 25%. Of interest to note is that over one-fifth of the gasoline sold in London is ethanol-blended gasoline (10% ethanol) Electricity accounts for 22% of our energy demand. In Ontario, electricity is generated from a variety of energy sources. In 2006: over half (54%) was generated by nuclear power plants over one-fifth (22%) was generated by hydro-electric dams 16% was generated by burning coal The remaining 8% came from burning natural gas and renewables

The Evolution of Issues air quality (smog) climate change Now, of course, not all of our energy we use is oil Natural gas, used mostly for heating air and water, accounts for 41% Gasoline, including ethanol-blends, accounts for 25%. Of interest to note is that over one-fifth of the gasoline sold in London is ethanol-blended gasoline (10% ethanol) Electricity accounts for 22% of our energy demand. In Ontario, electricity is generated from a variety of energy sources. In 2006: over half (54%) was generated by nuclear power plants over one-fifth (22%) was generated by hydro-electric dams 16% was generated by burning coal The remaining 8% came from burning natural gas and renewables energy supply

Energy Use – by Commodity Now, of course, not all of our energy we use is oil Natural gas, used mostly for heating air and water, accounts for 41% Gasoline, including ethanol-blends, accounts for 25%. Of interest to note is that over one-fifth of the gasoline sold in London is ethanol-blended gasoline (10% ethanol) Electricity accounts for 22% of our energy demand. In Ontario, electricity is generated from a variety of energy sources. In 2006: over half (54%) was generated by nuclear power plants over one-fifth (22%) was generated by hydro-electric dams 16% was generated by burning coal The remaining 8% came from burning natural gas and renewables

Energy Use – By Sector Businesses and institutions represents a lot of things. At this time, we are not able to break this down further because London Hydro and Union Gas do not use the same criteria to break down their customer sectors Transportation includes both the private use of cars as well as London’s share of provincial truck traffic. However most of this (about three-quarters) is Londoners driving their cars The residential sector represents those Londoners living in detached, semi-detached, or townhomes (i.e., those where the household has its own electricity and gas meter) The total energy used in 2006 was 58,300 terajoules

Historical Energy Trend Since 1990, London’s energy use has increased by 17% In the same time period, London’s population has increased by 14% Growth was highest in the employment sector (24%), followed by transportation (19%) Residential energy use was only 3% higher in 2006 compared to 1990. On a per-person basis, residential energy use has actually fallen by 10%. This reflects improvements in new home construction, appliance energy efficiency, and home energy retrofits. But more needs to be done…

Historical GHG Trend Greenhouse gas emissions (in terms of equivalent carbon dioxide) from London have increased by 16% since 1990 That’s better than Canada’s overall increase of 25%, but on par with Ontario’s increase (also 16%) 95% of these emissions come from using energy Since 2002, emissions appear to have stabilized, but more effort is needed to meet this century’s greatest challenge.

Our Response to the Challenge Internal (corporate) actions

Corporate Energy Management Energy retrofits LEED buildings Renewable energy Green roofs Energy procurement

Fleet Greening clean fuels 23 hybrids and 2 micro-cars E10 gasoline B5 biodiesel 23 hybrids and 2 micro-cars Use 40% less fuel than vehicles they replaced

Our Response to the Challenge Community engagement

16

RETHINK Energy London Measure Your Footprint!

Community Energy Strategy - Payback

Thank you for listening! Jamie Skimming, P.Eng. – Manager, Air Quality 519-661-2500 x5204 jskimmin@london.ca