Reuse “the action of using something again”

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Presentation transcript:

Reuse “the action of using something again” Rainwater Wastewater Effluent Potable Water Reuse “the action of using something again” Reuse typically in water supply planning relates to wastewater management. There is direct reuse (toilet-to-tap), and indirect reuse (discharge to a water body, and it is used again further downstream). I’m going to talk today about reuse in a broader context, including rainwater, because like wastewater reuse rainwater harvesting is an underutilized water management strategy. Chris Herrington, PE 512-974-2840 Chris.Herrington@AustinTexas.gov

Executive Summary We need a good plan. A really good plan. We need a better way to manage stormwater (aka, rain). We need a better way to manage wastewater.

What’s the best time to plant a tree?

2017.texasstatewaterplan.org 3x increase in population in the next 50 years Just the BROC population served in 2070 would be equivalent to current population of Galveston Population in Hays, Comal and Blanco Counties increasing at about the same rate and will top 1M by 2070. In the last 10 years, the State of Texas population grew by an amount equivalent to the current size of the population of the state of Colorado.

5M people is about the population of the state of Colorado

Blanco/Dripping Springs/Wimberley By 2070: Water demand = 2,317,778,163 gal/year Sewage production = 2,107,409,625 gal/year

#1: We need a good plan. A really good plan

Who’ll stop the rain?

Humans change Hydrology “The Urban Stream Syndrome”

When it rains… Current stormwater management paradigm in urban areas can cause flooding and erosion impacts downstream, carries pollutants into our Hill Country creeks and aquifers

When it stops raining… 29% 11,394,255,872 gal/year

32 inches of rain/year Every inch of rain that falls on a 2000 sq ft house generates about 1000 gallons. 32” rain per year = 32,000 gallons per house

Austin Rain vs. Potable Use Today Annual rainfall = 161,058,479,155 gal Austin water demand = 39,290,537,491 gal (24% of rain) Austin outdoor use = 11,394,255,872 gal (7% of rain) But what about our changing climate? Total annual average water demand equivalent to 24% of total annual average rainfall Outdoor annual average water demand equivalent to 7% of total annual average rainfall Future rainfall predictions incorporating climate change suggest total annual average rainfall will not change, but the distribution of that rainfall will change meaning bigger floods and longer droughts, and temperatures will increase increasing evaporation and meaning our landscape needs more water

Fixing Austin flood, erosion and water quality problems Can I borrow $2,263,142,800? (let’s talk about maintenance later) (p.s., it will take 87 years just to fix today’s problems) Government cannot solve this problem alone on a human time scale 87 years = 2104…that’s the difference between today and 1930.

Rainwater Harvesting is Real!

#2. We need a better way to manage stormwater (aka, rain)

Current Options for Wastewater Disposal Regulated by Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) Treat and discharge effluent directly to a water body (TPDES) Treat and irrigate effluent on the land (TLAP) 30 TAC 222; 30 TAC 309 Greater than 5,000 gpd

Even highly treated effluent has excessive concentrations of nutrients and will cause water quality degradation in Hill Country creeks

Wastewater impacts Hill Country streams Discharging effluent impacts

30 TAC 210 Beneficial Reuse Authorizations With either a TLAP or discharge permit, treated effluent (aka, reclaimed water) can be used on-demand to: Irrigate landscapes Flush toilets Fire protection Dust control Cooling towers Etc. Toilet flushing in Austin accounts for approximately 18.4% of total potable water demand ? Photo by Ed Clerico

Wastewater Disposal by Land Application (TLAP) Conventional model without beneficial reuse Wastewater Treatment Plant Dedicated Disposal Field with Storage Pond

TLAP with Beneficial Reuse Reclaimed water customers may not be known at time of initial permitting, may change over time, or may not be controlled by the wastewater service provider such that they can be incorporated into permits.

Changing wastewater management In the past, most BROC wastewater was effectively managed by TLAP BROC land is becoming more expensive and is increasingly fragmented (txlandtrends.org/) Trend to convert TLAP to discharge 66 TLAP facilities in the Edwards Aquifer contributing zone (recharge zone of the Trinity), permitted to treat about 9 MGD

BROC wastewater update Dripping Springs seeking 995,000 gal/day discharge to Onion Creek, plans extensive reuse system Blanco expanding permit to 1,600,000 gal/day discharge to Blanco River, access to former irrigation area reduced Wimberley received 75,000 gal/day discharge permit to Cypress Creek, limitations on discharge thru settlement agreement

#3. We need a better way to manage wastewater

Wastewater Reuse Outlook TCEQ modifying rules to provide credit for reuse in TLAP permits Most cities appear committed to pursuing reuse $197,103,531 of reuse strategies in 2017 State Water Plan within Hays/Comal/Blanco but: in Buda, Kyle, San Marcos, New Braunfels only 4.5% of proposed capital projects Statewide today, reuse makes up less than 4% of total water supply. By 2070 statewide, reuse expected to provide 14% of total water supply in 2017 State Water Plan

Reuse is an important strategy Conclusions We need a good plan. A really good plan. We need a better way to manage stormwater (aka, rain). We need a better way to manage wastewater. Reuse is an important strategy (but still underutilized)