Starter Explain the importance of the control of the Youth

How important were children to Nazi ideology? Nazi Youth How important were children to Nazi ideology? Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Nazi education in universities Why the Nazis wanted to control young people Nazis and the family Hitler Youth movements Controlling the youth What were the Nazis’ policies to control women and the young? Women and work Nazi education in schools Women Education for girls Nazi education in universities Expectations for women

Youth movements helped produce committed Nazis Hitler knew that loyalty -from young people was essential if the Nazis were to remain strong. Youth movements were a way of teaching children Nazi ideas — so they would be loyal to the Nazi Party when they grew up. Propaganda claimed that young people were more likely to be successful under the Nazis than they had been in the Weimar Republic. Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Hitler Youth The Hitler Youth was founded in 1926. Boys aged fourteen and over were recruited to the movement. It became compulsory in 1936. Promising boys might be sent to Hitler Schools where they were trained to lead. Boys wore military-style uniforms and took part in physical exercise preparing for war. Many later joined the army. Girls between fourteen and eighteen joined the League of German Maidens. Girls were trained in domestic skills like sewing and cooking. 9ometimes they took part in physical activities like camping and hiking. A Reich Youth Leader was introduced in 1933 and youth movements increased in importance. During the Second World War, members of the Hitler Youth contributed to the war effort — for example, helping with air defence work, farm work and collecting donations for Nazi charities. Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Nazi take over in schools and universities Education in schools meant learning Nazi propaganda. No Jewish people could teach in schools or universities. Most teachers joined the Nazi Teachers' Association and were trained in Nazi methods. Children had to report teachers who did not use them. Subjects like history and biology were rewritten to fit in with Nazi ideas. Children were taught to be anti-9emitic and that the First World War was lost because of Jews and communists. Physical education became more important for boys, sometimes playing war games with live ammunition. In universities students burned anti-Nazi and Jewish books, and Jewish lecturers were sacked. Education across Germany was 'Nazified‘. Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Control of children through education Teachers had to swear an oath of loyalty to Hitler and join the Nazi Teacher’s League. The Curriculum was changed. Boys focus was to prepare them for the military and girl’s motherhood. Race studies was introduced. Lessons began and ended with “Heil Hitler” salute. Nazi themes were taught in all subjects e.g. History taught the evils of the Treaty of Versailles. Textbooks were rewritten and were full of anti Semitic propaganda. Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Hitler’s control of youth in their spare time Hitler Youth All other youth organisations banned. 1939 membership was compulsory and there were 7 million members. They camped, did athletics and learnt military skills. Girls joined the Young Girls at 10 and the League of German Maidens 14-18. They learnt domestic skills to prepare them for marriage and motherhood. Many children did not like these organisations but had no choice but to attend. Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Evaluation Technique What was life like in the Hitler Youth? Why weren’t all people happy within this movement? Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

Exam Technique Why was the Hitler Youth important? (4) How important was a Nazi approved curriculum, amongst other factors, in influencing the minds of young people (12) Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society

The Hitler Youth forms a swastika Source work What do the sources suggest about Nazi Youth? (4) How useful are both sources in understanding the control of the youth? (8) Use the sources and your own knowledge. The Hitler Youth forms a swastika Members of the Hitler Youth jump over a fire to demonstrate their bravery Aim: To explain (B) or evaluate (A) the importance of children within Nazi society