Learning Outcomes Understand:

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Three types of lever.

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Presentation transcript:

Learning Outcomes Understand: the different classes of levers found in the body mechanical advantages. Be able to: Identify, with examples, the different classes of levers

What is a lever? Discuss in pairs and come up with a definition. Dictionary Definition: rigid bar resting on a pivot, used to move a heavy or firmly fixed load with one end when pressure is applied to the other.

Key Words Fulcrum - the part of a lever system that pivots. Joints are the fulcrums in the body’s lever system Resistance/load – the load to be moved by a lever system. usually involves weight when the body’s lever systems are involved. Effort – the force applied to move the resistance or weight in the body, the effort is provided by muscles exerting a force.

Can you identify where the fulcrum, effort and resistance is? This is an example of a 1st class lever Effort Fulcrum

Can you identify where the fulcrum, effort and resistance is? This is an example of a 2nd class lever Effort Fulcrum

Can you identify where the fulcrum, effort and resistance is? This is an example of a 3rd class lever. Resistance

TASK Draw linear diagrams of each lever and label correctly p27-28. Write down the key terms for 1st, 2nd and 3rd class levers. Note down the rapid recall box on p 28.

Examples of lever systems in the body: match them up.

Storyboard: linear diag – example – example in the body Triangle =Fulcrum Force = effort Load = resistance

Extension Read the definition for mechanical advantage and look at the linear diagram. Write out the definition and draw the linear diagram.

Homework Print out the storyboard and stick in your notebook Read p27-28 to consolidate your understanding Exam question

Lesson 2: progress check What can you remember about levers? In pairs: Use the play-doh, ball and straw to create the 3 types of lever. Take a picture with your ipad What is going to represent the lever? What is the play doh going to represent? What is the ball going to represent?

Mechanical advantage Go back to read the definition and look at your linear diagram. Now read p.29 to understand how the distance between the fulcrum – effort arm and fulcrum – resistance arm, have a purpose.

Force of 500N to lift the load What happens when you move the fulcrum closer to the resistance/load? Only requires a force of 100N – the distance between the fulcrum and resistance arm is shorter meaning… advantage of being able to move a heavy weight

Ankle joint: 2nd class lever Draw a linear diagram to show how the second class lever operates at the ankle (p. 176) What do you notice about the resistance arm and effort arm? RA shorter than EA Action of the effort (gastrocnemius muscle) easily moves the resistance…which is the weight of the body.

what class of lever is this?? What happens if the fulcrum is closer to the effort? what class of lever is this?? Creates a short effort arm Gives rapid movements over a large range of movement.

What class of lever is it? Fulcrum Effort TASK: label Fulcrum Effort Resistance/load Effort arm Resistance arm What class of lever is it? Resistance

Elbow joint: 1st class lever Draw a linear diagram to show how the 1st class lever operates at the ankle (p. 175) What do you notice about the resistance arm and effort arm? EA shorter than RA Allows the hand to move very quickly and through a large range of motion.