1. Da Gama- from Portugal, route to India 1. AKEDR 2. ZEORTC Warm UP . Write down the unscrambled word and quickly write down how it relates to exploration  Candy for 1st 3 done Example- AD MAAG- 1.       Da Gama- from Portugal, route to India   1. AKEDR 2. ZEORTC 3. IZPAOZR 4. IERARCT 5. LLGAMEAN 6. TIACITHRISNY 7. INPCER YHENR 8. ASPIN 9. LLAMS OXP 10. AECAVRL PIHS 11. YROVI 12. LODG 13. ASCOMPS

What was the Columbian Exchange Trading of goods and diseases between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres

Impact of the Columbian Exchange

Columbian Exchange Old World to New World European diseases—smallpox Steel technology over stone Cannon and firearms HORSES Lack of unity Cattle [pigs, sheep, chicken] 90% of NA will die of disease. Wipes out entire tribes.

Columbian Exchange New World to Old World Syphillis Tomato (Italy) Red Pepper (Italy & China) Potato (Northern Europe) Sugar Cacao Corn Tobacco Plants and foods were brought to the New World Potato and corn had a great impact on Europe—Ireland & the potato famine

Before Columbian Exchange After Columbian Exchange What does all this mean??? Before Columbian Exchange After Columbian Exchange Establish a new trade system- -mercantilism Items that were coming over to the Old World were not mentioned in the Bible. When and where did civilizations develop? Were Adam & Eve the first? Europeans were unaware that civilizations existed to the West. Trade routes—between Europe, Asia and Africa Begin to start questioning faith

1st- European plantation systems in the Caribbean and the Americas destroyed indigenous (local) economies and damaged the environment

2nd- Capitalism- individuals could become wealthy by investing in colonization and selling new products. -         Merchants grew wealthier

3rd- Joint Stock Companies arose which are when individuals each put in a percentage of the cost associated with colonization and plantation work - Protected the investor

4th –Slavery- European Colonists did not have enough labor to grow and export their cash crops so they began importing slaves from Africa -         Slavery was based on race

5th- Mercantilism – The idea that a country’s power is determined by their wealth -         Colonies need to send all resources (gold, silver, cotton, sugar…) back to their country to help their country become wealthier.

Mercantilism Jamestown—established by a joint-stock company – investors pool their wealth for a common purpose

8th- A Commercial Revolutions. 6th -Western Hemisphere agricultural products such as corn, potatoes, and tobacco changed European lifestyles 7th- European horses and cattle changed the lifestyles of American Indians 8th- A Commercial Revolutions. Lots more money is being circulated New money and banking systems were created. Colonial economies were limited by the economic needs of the mother country.

Questions What was the Columbian Exchange? What new products did Europe get? What new products did The Americas get? How did the Age of Exploration impact the environment? What is Capitalism? How did the Age of Exploration lead to the rise of Capitalism? Create an example that would explain A Joint Stock Company. What is Mercantilism? What determines power in a mercantilist system? How did livestock change the lives of the Americans? What was the Commercial Revolution?

Triangular Trade Americas to Europe Europe to Africa Trade between the 3 continents Middle Passage Africa to Americas

Slavery in Africa 1. Slavery had existed in Africa for years 2.    Some slaves were prisoners of war, some were kidnapped and some were traded. 3. Slaves that remained in Africa did have some rights and slavery was not hereditary in Africa.

Slavery around the World 4.Sugar plantations and tobacco farms required a large supply of workers. Europeans had planned on using Native Americans, however, millions died from disease and warfare. 5.    In the late 1400’s Europeans began to look towards Africa for slaves to meet their labor shortage needs: Why people wanted African Slaves 1st- had built up immunity to diseases 2nd- had farming and plantation experience 3rd- had little knowledge of America and had no tribes to hide with

  6th- Slaves were transported using the Triangle Trade system, which connected Europe, Africa and the Americas

7.    Among the products traded were cotton, rum, slaves, gold, silver and sugar 8. The Atlantic Ocean was considered the Middle Passage. While crossing the Atlantic around 20 % of slaves died because of disease and other inhumane conditions

Middle Passage http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nePOpkYwjY

When does the slave trade begin to pick up? During what time period were the largest amount of enslaved Africans taken to the Americas?

The Effects of European Colonization on the Americas

Europeans R.A.C.E.D. to conquer the Americas Conquistadors conquer Latin America

Native Americans/Slaves Rigid class system and dictatorial rule in Latin America Peninsulares Creoles (Spanish settlers born in the Americas) Mestizos (Spanish/Native American mix) Mulattos (African/Native American mix) Native Americans/Slaves

A: Africans brought to America as slaves Brought across on the Middle Passage. The cargo hold of a slave ship would be packed tight as traders would try to maximize their profit. Conditions were hot, cramped and horrific.

C: Colonies imitate culture of parent country Which European culture spread the most?

E: Europeans immigrate to Americas As a result of discovery of the New World, Europeans will begin to migrate to the Americas and live in the New World

D: Diseases kill Native Americans Although Native Americans died from wars with Europeans, the MAJORITY died from diseases carried by Europeans, such as smallpox.

Slavery in the Americas African Slavery Slavery in the Americas Existed in Africa for many years When Islam spread, slavery increased Race was not a factor As the indigenous population dies, the increase of slaves rises Based on race Hereditary Non-Muslim prisoners of war were bought and sold into slavery Slave trades in Africa—Trans-Saharan, Red Sea, East Africa Europeans assume because of farming lifestyle in Africa, slaves will make good farmers in the Americas.

Review Questions 1. What was traded within Triangle Trade? 2. How did slavery in America differ from slavery in Africa? 3. Why did the Europeans want to use people from Africa as a labor source? 4. What was the Middle Passage?

Exporting of Precious Metals   The mining of precious metals was a huge achievement for man     The vast majority of gold was coming out of Africa. Around 60% of all silver was mined in present-day Mexico. The precious metals were being exported to Europe and Asia

    Spain was amongst the first European nations to discover the Silver mines.     Spain had a large amount of silver and gold being imported each year. Also around the 1600’s Spain experienced a steady growth in the population.

   Because of the increase in Spain’s population and their intense desire to mine metals, Spain did not have enough of a food supply, which caused prices to rise (inflation) Because Spain now had to charge more money for their supplies they were no longer able to be competitive in the international trading market

   Spain’s inflation was spread throughout Europe Between 1500-1600’s much of Europe experienced a large increase in prices People living on fixed incomes were hurt badly because their money was worth less in this competitive market

CLOSURE 1.What changes occurred due to the Commercial Revolution? 2.Which document supports a wealthier society? Provide TWO pieces of evidence.