9.2 Mitosis and Cytokinesis Main idea: Eukaryotic cells reproduce by mitosis, the process of nuclear division, and cytokinesis, the process of cytoplasm division

Mitosis The cell’s replicated genetic material separates and the cell prepares to split This leaves 2 genetically identical daughter cells

The Stages of mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase The chromatin condenses into chromosomes Each half is a sister chromatid Each has a identical copy of DNA

Prophase The nucleolus disappears Spindle fibers form The nuclear envelope disappears Spindle fibers attach to each sister chromatid

Metaphase The second stage of mitosis The sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell

Anaphase The spindle fibers shorten and separate the sister chromatids The chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell

Telophase The last stage of mitosis Chromosomes arrive at opposite ends of the cell Chromosomes decondense to form chromatin

Telophase 2 Nuclear membranes form and the nucleoli reappear The spindle fibers disassemble

Cytokinesis After mitosis the cytoplasm divides This forms 2 cells with identical nuclei Microfilaments pinch the cytoplasm into 2 separate half's

Cytokinesis In plant cells instead of pinching in half a cell plate forms between the two new nuclei

Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotic cells divide by binary fission Both copies of the DNA attach to the plasma membrane As the membrane grows the DNA is pulled apart