Equilibrium Diagrams More than one phase (solid, liquid, gas) may be present in equilibrium. Consider what happens to a single substance when it is heated.

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Presentation transcript:

Equilibrium Diagrams More than one phase (solid, liquid, gas) may be present in equilibrium. Consider what happens to a single substance when it is heated at constant pressure. Assume solid contracts upon freezing (not water). Drawings by J. Seitzman.

Heat Substance at Constant p v Phi Liquid+Gas Gas Solid+ Liquid Liquid Plo 4 5 2 3 1 1 - 2 SOLID 2 - 3 SOLID + LIQUID 3 - 4 LIQUID 4 - 5 LIQUID + GAS 5 + GAS

Gas/ Superheated Vapor (Saturated) Vapor Dome Typical T-v Diagram T Critical Point Supercritical States Saturation States = Phase Transitions Pcrit Phi Gas/ Superheated Vapor (Subcooled) Liquid Solid+Liquid Plow Liquid+Gas Solid (Saturated) Vapor Dome Triple Line Solid + gas/vapor v

Equilibrium Diagram At high enough pressures in the supercritical region the fluid can have the characteristics of both liquid and gas. In the liquid/gas region can define the “quality” as:

T.D. Properties in Mixed Phase