Specimen Collection And Laboratory Procedures Review Chapter 15 Specimen Collection And Laboratory Procedures

Review Where is your first choice for a venipuncture method? Antecubital area List the three vein used most often in the antecubital area? Median cubital vein Cephalic vein Basilic vein Name the three methods for venipunctures Vacuum, syringe, butterfly(winged) How far should you insert the needle for a vaccum venipunture? No more than a ½ inch into the arm What degree is a butterfly needle inserted? 10 to 15 degree When using a butterfly needle you will see what(you will know you are in the vein)? A “flash” of blood This is a localized collection of blood within the tissues? Hematoma

Review What are the objective on the microscope? Is the optical element that gathers light from the object,  there are three or four small lenses To obtain greater detail in viewing a specimen through a microscope, you should? Turn the nosepiece to a higher power What is the name of the needle used for a capillary stick(finger/heel stick)? Lancet What two fingers should be used for capillary punctures? Ring or middle finger(non-dominant hand first) A tourniquet should be placed where on the arm? Three inches above the elbow Never leave a tourniquet on longer than? One minute

Review Define hemolysis? Breakdown of red blood cells Give some examples of why hemolysis could happen? Prolonged tourniquet time, cleansing the venipuncture site with alcohol and not allowing the site to dry, pulling the plunger of a syringe back too fast, vigorous mixing or shaking of a specimen, having the patient pump their hand

Review It is critical that the what be pushed back into place before beginning the phlebotomy procedure with a syringe draw? Plunger, to avoid air into the vein What are gauge sizes for a venipuncture needles? 21 or 22 gauge What is added to a collection tube that will prevent a clot from being formed? Anticoagulant

Review What is a waived test? Moderately complex tests, which medical assistants can do(rapid strep's, UA) What is a non-waived tests? complex tests with multiple steps(HIV) What is CLIA Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments: Law passed in 1988, establishing

Review What is hemoglobin? Is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs What is the normal hemoglobin range for females? 12 to 16 g/dl What is the normal hemoglobin range for males? 14 to 18 g/dl What is hematocrit? This is a simple yet reliable test to measure the percent volume of red blood cells per volume of whole blood When performing a hematocrit, you should hold the tube how, and fill the tube how much? Horizontally(avoid air bubbles) , fill three-fourths full What is a hematocrit screening test done for? Anemia

Review What is an ERS? Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate or sed rate What is the normal fasting blood sugar level? 70 to 120 mg/dl What is DM? Diabetes mellitus What is an Hemoglobin A1C test? This is an important blood test used to determine how well your diabetes is being controlled, over a three month period What is a normal total cholesterol level? 130 to 200 mg/dl What is your good cholesterol HDL What is your bad cholesterol? LDL What is triglycerides These are fats carried in the blood from the food we eat(part of a cholesterol panel)

Review What are the three main reason for performing a urinalysis? Screening for urine glucose, diagnosis of suspected disease(bacteria UTI), or monitoring the course of treatment (UTI antibiotics) What are the three physical assessments of a urinalysis? Color, odor, and turbidity(clarity) The second step in a urinalysis? Chemical reagent strips This is the part of the chemical(strip)exam of the urinalysis that shows positive for sugar? Glucose After centrifuging(spinning down) the urine, what should you do next? Pour the supernatant(urine) and place the sediment on the slide with a cover slip

Review This is the centrifuged deposit of a urinalysis suitable for microscopic examination for the presence of erythrocytes(RBC), leukocytes(WBC), casts, crystals, bacteria, fungi, parasites, mucous, and sperm(males)? Urine sediment  This is a test that uses a cotton swab (similar to a Q-tip) is quickly rubbed over both tonsils as well as the back wall of the mouth (the posterior pharynx)? Group A strep test

Review What is the name of the screening test done on infants at birth and two weeks for genetic testing? Newborn screening Define polyuria? Excessive urine Define dysuria Painful urine The medical term for blood in urine Hematuria This hormones is produced during pregnancy? HCG(human chorionic gonadotropin)