MGT 6500: Managing Individuals & Groups Instructor: Chris Hartwell CLASS 12-14: Group Dynamics and Work Teams

Announcements Next Class (Tuesday, 10/17): Meet outside the Perry Pavilion (HH 470) No class on Thursday, 10/19 – Fall Break (Friday schedule) All Exam 1 grades are posted on Canvas Dr. Hanks’s Coaching slides are available on Canvas (Class 11) Groups have been formed YOU MUST SIT IN YOUR ASSIGNED SEATS! Leadership Development Plan/Coaching Any questions?

Objectives Describe the five stages of Tuckman’s theory of group development Understand the meaning of roles, and compare and contrast role overload, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Identify how group norms are developed and why they are enforced Describe the following three threats to group effectiveness: the Asch effect, groupthink, and social loafing.

Tuckman’s Theory of Group Development

Applying Tuckman’s Model Characteristics of Feedback (as group develops): Interpersonal feedback increases and becomes more specific. Positive feedback increases and negative feedback decreases. Credibility of peer feedback increases. Effective Leadership (as group develops): Moves from directive and task-oriented to supportive and participative.

Roles Expected behaviors for occupants of a position. Role Overload: When others’ expectations exceed one’s ability. Role Conflict: When an individual is faced with conflicting or inconsistent expectations. Role Ambiguity: Unclear expectations regarding one’s role.

Norms Shared attitudes, opinions, feelings, and/or actions that guide social behavior. How norms are developed: Why norms are enforced: Explicit rules/statements Critical events in group’s history Primacy Carryover behaviors from past situations Aids in group survival Clarifies/simplifies expectations Helps avoids mistakes/embarrassing situations Clarify group’s values/identity

Threats to Group Effectiveness The Asch Effect: Going along with a unanimous opinion, even when wrong. Groupthink: A cohesive group’s failure to realistically view alternative (in order to maintain positive relationships). Social Loafing: Decrease in individual effort as group size increases.

Objectives (Class 12) Understand the difference between a “group” and a “team” Specify the two (three?) criteria for team effectiveness Discuss competencies needed for effective teamwork Recognize why teams fail Describe the components of cooperation, trust, and cohesiveness on team effectiveness

Group vs. Team GROUP TEAM Small number of people who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach. “The essence of a team is common commitment.” Two or more interacting people with shared norms/goals, and a common identity. (see p.269)

Team Effectiveness Criteria Performance: Achieving the intended results. Viability: Feelings of satisfaction; experience contributes to well-being and development of team members. Adaptability: The ability to meet/overcome challenges, enhancing capabilities to work and learn together.

Effective Team Competencies Table 11-3

Why Do Teams Fail? Failure to establish and/or maintain common commitment Figure 11-2

Effective Teamwork Components Cooperation: Systematic integration of individual efforts to reach a collective objective. Trust: Reciprocal faith in others’ intentions and behaviors. Cohesiveness: As sense of collective identity of team members. Making Connections Enabling Trust Fostering Cooperation