TERRITORIAL PERIOD

½. Name the 2 territories. Territory of Orleans – New Orleans District of LA – St. Louis 3. Name the governor of each. TOO –W.C.C. Claiborne DOL – James Wilkinson

Claiborne Wilkinson

4. What did Claiborne call the French Creoles? “ancient Louisianians” 5. Name 2 types of people to come over from Haiti. French planters, free people of color 7. Skills FPOC had: carpenters, masons, cigar makers, shoemakers, clerks, mechanics, coopers, barbers, blacksmiths, and butchers.

“as incapable of self-government as children” Think about it…. 8. What did President Jefferson say about the people of LA concerning statehood? “as incapable of self-government as children” Think about it…. If you are a citizen of Louisiana at this time, how does this make you feel? (You had no choice in the new ownership.)

9. What did some members of Congress want before they would approve statehood? more Americans to move into the territory Think about it: If you were an American, would you have wanted to move into the new territory? Why or why not? 10. Many of the new Americans came from Kentucky 11. Based on the behavior of these “Kaintucks”, people of Louisiana thought all Americans were all rough, violent, and rowdy.

12. What area provoked an ongoing argument between Spain and the U.S.? the area along the Sabine River 13. What was established in 1806? Describe it. a neutral zone (Sabine Strip); became a no-man’s-land, hideout for lawless bandits

18. Name the only place east of the Mississippi River included in the purchase. New Orleans 19. What did West Florida include? the part of the state on the East side of the Mississippi River except New Orleans

20. Who was disappointed that this area was not included in the LA Purchase? English- speaking settlers Think about it: Do you think the Anglos had reason to be upset? Would you have been?

21. What did they try to do in 1804? seize Fort San Carlos, but failed 22. Who would eventually lead a successful revolt against the fort? Philomen Thomas 23. What happened to West Florida for a brief period? it became an independent nation

24. In December 1810, the U.S….. annexed West Florida 25. Area was not included in the state in 1812, legislature annexed it.

26. After 1808, what could not be legally imported into the US? slaves 27. The slave population by 1812 was up to ___________. 28. What happened in 1811? Where? a major slave uprising near present-day Norco 29. Where did these slaves march towards? New Orleans 35,000

30. Who joined to stop the slaves? regular troops of US Army and Orleans militia 31. What happened to the slaves who were executed? heads were displayed on poles to remind others of the punishment they could expect for revolting

Louisiana Statehood

What would your requirements be? Not allowed to become a state until population reached at least 60,000 1809 – territorial legislature sent a request for statehood but Congress took no action Gov. Claiborne wanted more Americans to move into the territory

1811- Congress voted to admit LA as the 18th state What will it be? 1811- Congress voted to admit LA as the 18th state bill signed by President James Madison on February 16, 1811 official date April 30, 1812

First Constitution modeled after Kentucky constitution of 1799 terms of constitution legislature would select governor; limited to 1, 4 year term only white male property owners could vote or hold office

Who will be in charge? 1st election lasted 3 days, required by the constitution

Candidates Claiborne – governor of Territory of Orleans Jacques Villeré – Creole; born near present day Kenner; helped write the constitution Jean Noel Destrehan – Creole; owned Destrehan Plantation And 3 French men

Early Problems Why can’t we all just get along?! Creoles and Americans had ongoing conflicts Language and cultural barriers increased distrust

Privateers Privateers had approval of and under the flag of a country, pirates did not based along Gulf Coast at Barataria “privateers” preyed on Spanish and British ships led by Jean Lafitte

Privateers Claiborne tried to stop him and offered a $500 reward for his capture Lafitte posted a $5,000 reward for the governor’s capture

CH 8: Section 3

Known as the “second war for independence” American ships being stopped and sailors were being seized by British June 8, 1812: US declared war on Great Britain Fall 1814, British warships blockaded N.O. Major General Andrew Jackson sent to defend the city (“Old Hickory”)

Joined by US Army, Kentucky sharpshooters, local militia, and Choctaw Indians Jean Lafitte and the Baratarians also joined Last in a series of battles that began in Dec. 1814 which began on Lake Borgne Jackson surprised the British with a night attack General Packingham would attack 2 more times Battle occurred on January 8, 1815 2 armies met “on the plains of Chalmette”

U.S. = 5,000 troops; British = 8,000 troops Deaths: US = 12; British = 2,000 plus United States won the battle America’s win was significant because it showed they were willing to go against the older/stronger nations New Orleans honored Jackson and the US with a patriotic ceremony Statue of Jackson still stands today at Place de Armes (Jackson Square)

Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, was signed December 24, 1814 “This battle could have been avoided” Treaty was signed before battle was fought. News of the treaty did not reach the generals in time.

Conflicts between America and Great Britain settled LA & Spanish Texas border still unsettled Feb 1819, Adams-Onis Treaty set the boundary at the Sabine River Spain also gave East Florida to the United States