Chapter 15 “The Cold War Begins” 1945-1953

Ch. 15.1 Notes “The Iron Curtain Falls on Europe” Ch. 15.1 Warm-up Describe 3 important effects that came out of WWII.

A. The Roots of the Cold War Soviet/American alliance temporary Delayed invasion angers Stalin Soviet spies Soviets get the bomb

B. The Iron Curtains Descends Stalin refuses to allow free elections Eastern Europe buffer Communism forced on Eastern Europe Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech Europe becomes divided

C. The United States Responds George F. Kennan containment - stop spread of communism Truman Doctrine – help nations resist George C. Marshall The Marshall Plan helps Europe rebuild

D. The Crisis in Berlin Germany and Berlin divided West Germany and East Germany created The Soviet blockade The Berlin Airlift response NATO Formed in 1949

Ch. 15.2 Notes “Healing the Wounds of War” Ch. 15.2 Warm-up Describe 3 events that led to greater tension between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.

A. Life in America after WWII Veterans return to work G.I.Bill provides loans Consumers buy goods Baby boom Taft-Hartley Act reduces power of labor unions Truman ends military segregation American G.I. Forum fights for Hispanics

B. Politics in Postwar America Truman faces challenges. 1946 - Republicans gain control of Congress. 1948 - Truman narrowly re- elected. Truman begins “Fair Deal”.

C. Trying to Build a Better World 1945 – UN created to prevent war and defend human rights. Commission of Human Rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights World Bank International Monetary Fund (IMF) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)

Ch. 15.3 Notes “The Second Red Scare” Ch. 15.3 Warm-up Describe three changes that took place in American life after the end of WWII

H. Growing Fear of Communism Soviets get the bomb Communists take over China Americans worry about worldwide spread of communism

I. Fighting the Spread of Communism at Home Communist investigation HUAC The Hollywood Ten Truman investigates government workers The Smith Act The McCarran Act Spy Cases Alger Hiss Klaus Fuchs The Rosenbergs

J. Senator Joseph McCarthy McCarthy’s public accusations Americans support anti- communist crusade McCarthyism spreads to government Televised hearings against the U.S. Army McCarthy fades away

Ch. 15.4 Notes “The Korean War” Ch. 15.4 Warm-up Describe three events that highlighted Americans’ fear of communism after WWII

A. Korea Before the War Korean peninsula Japan controlled Korea promised freedom by Allies Korea divided after WWII at 38th parallel North – Soviets South – U.S.

B. The Start of the Korean War 1950 – North Korea invaded South Korea used Soviet support U.S. makes a stand South Korea almost taken Truman authorizes military – goes to UN UN votes to use force MacArthur leads the “police action”

C. Key Battles of the Korean War UN forces land at Inchon N. Koreans pushed back MacArthur crosses 38th parallel China steps in Back to the 38th parallel MacArthur is fired

D. Fighting Ends in Korea Negotiations for peace begin 1953 - Eisenhower becomes president Armistice signed – brings peace Treaty still not signed today