Fundamental Design Tools Original author: Paul King Presentation modified by: Karen Schuyler Chapter 2
Brainstorming Five to fifteen individuals Discussion leader restates problem and reiterates rules of discussion Individuals suggest ideas Evaluate ideas at conclusion of discussion Useful for new ideas / deadlock Drawback: relies on willingness to speak up Picture from: http://www.elchem.com/Images/Sm%20Light%20Bulb%20Man.gif
Class Design Problem Ear Wax
Useful in systematic approach and large numbers of ideas Six individuals Useful in systematic approach and large numbers of ideas Drawback: isolation, no group synergy
Suggestions are regrouped and returned to panelists Resultant response list is reordered and evaluated Expert panel generates starting points Delphi Model Suggestions are regrouped and returned to panelists Polling process Useful in situations where future of process is of concern Drawback: relies on high response rate
Problem is presented to a small group Group familiarizes itself with the problem Synetics Also utilizes variations such as randomly choosing words from a dictionary and forcing a fit Analogies of terms are examined and relationships forced Useful when problem to be solved has an analogy and group is willing to explore bizarre trains of thought
Class Design Example Right to left heart shunt that needs to be closed – minimally invasive technology. When doing catheterization, need to go with the flow… Cannon droops when rapidly fired. Need to get a ladder through a small space and up in an alleyway. Sound from wavcentral.com
Web-based and Print Literature Web-based search engines – search for recent books -search for granted or pending patents Trade magazines – product design (see my web site under ) And www.google.com search for topics … Amazon Logo from Amazon.com US Patent and Trademark Logo from www.uspto.gov
Simple Process Charts
Flowcharting Assists in understanding processes to modify or improve them. Broad range of charts- from simple process charts to fairly complicated combinations of signal, material, and information flows. Dr. King at the doctor Flowcharting Overview
Linear system-Each event must be complete prior to the next beginning Clinic Flow Charts Linear system-Each event must be complete prior to the next beginning
Flowcharts with Decision Points
Decisions: Selection Chart Sound from wavcentral.com
Evaluation Chart
Objective Tree
Quality Function Deployment Diagrams (QFD)
TRIZ Russian acronym based upon series of papers on the theory of inventive problem solving Method of reducing design process to a step-by-step procedure As difficulty increases, number of solution increases Different themes of transition have finite variations Negative interactions between desired functions