Japan Strikes in the Pacific Chapter 32, Section 2 vs.

Introduction Japan attacks Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brings the United States into World War II

Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor

1. Bombing of Pearl Harbor Japanese launched surprise attack, sinking or damaging almost the entire US Pacific Fleet. US declared war on Japan. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1niwxQgoY

Japan and the United States Japan develops a plan for attacks on European colonies and U.S. bases In 1941 President Franklin D. Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments to Japan. Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto plans attack on U.S. fleet in Hawaii

Route of Japanese Fleet Attacking Pearl Harbor

Waves of the Attack First wave, 182 planes Second wave, 171 planes

USS Arizona Memorial

Day of Infamy Japan attacks Pearl Harbor—U.S. Naval base in Hawaii—on December 7, 1941 U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941. Japan also attacks Hong Kong, Thailand, and other islands

2. Japanese Victories Guam and Wake Island The Philippines a. Japanese attack Philippine Islands defended by U.S., Filipino troops. b. Philippine islands fall to Japanese in 1942. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m9XhGPTs978

Bataan Death March http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQWdETwFACs The forcible transfer of 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war in the Philippines from the Bataan peninsula to prison camps Beheadings, cut throats and casual shootings were the more common and merciful actions — compared to bayonet stabbings, rapes, disembowelments, numerous rifle butt beatings and a deliberate refusal to allow the prisoners food or water while keeping them continually marching for nearly a week in tropical heat. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQWdETwFACs

Pictures of the Bataan Death March

Propaganda Poster in the U.S. after the Bataan Death March

Bataan Death March Memorial “The Battling Bastards of Bataan”

Gains in Many Places Japan captures British holdings, including Hong Kong and Singapore. Japan conquers the Dutch East Indies which is rich in minerals Japan captures Burma. This threatens India, Britain’s main possession in Asia. Japanese forces treat conquered peoples and prisoners of war brutally

2. Fall of Southeast Asian Colonies Through a planned series of attacks in the Pacific, Japan seized control of rich European colonies. Helped Japan replenish depleted resources and cut China off from its supply route through Burma.

Doolittle Raid a. U.S. bombers attack Tokyo and other Japanese cities in April 1942. (Here Lt. Col. James H. Doolittle wires a Japanese medal to a bomb, for "return" to its originators in the first U.S. air raid on the Japanese Home Islands.) b. Raid does little damage, but shows that Japan is vulnerable.

3. Doolittle’s raid on Japan As revenge for Pearl Harbor US sent 16 B-25 bombers to bomb Japanese cities. Showed that Japan could be attacked and raised American morale. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHnwxRfzR2A https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xTJ6LSnNKjg

Allies Turn the Tide Battle of the Coral Sea—Americans stop Japanese advance, May 1942. New kind of naval warfare—ships launch planes to fight each other (see next slide).

4. The Battle of the Coral Sea Following interception of Japanese attack on Port Moresby, Japanese & American naval fleets fought to a draw. Introduced a new kind of naval warfare using only airplanes; stopped Japan’s expansion southward. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QQaMzKwrX-Q

Bombers do not engage each other, but pass each other on the way to the enemy aircraft carrier.

5. The Battle of Midway American carrier planes defeated Japanese fleet poised to attack Midway Island, a key American airfield. Reversed the tide of war in the Pacific. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JDJv_W5cO40

The Allies Strike Back The Battle of Midway Japanese send powerful fleet to capture Midway Island. Battle of Midway—U.S. destroy half of Japan’s aircraft carriers causing Japan to retreat.

An Allied Offensive MacArthur’s Plan Douglas MacArthur—American army commander in the Pacific. He plans to “island-hop” past strongholds in order to attack weaker Japanese bases.

Guadalcanal Battle of Guadalcanal—hellish battle that ends in Allied victory.

6. The Battle of Guadalcanal US marines, with Australian support, seized Japanese airfield and fought on land and sea for control of island of Guadalcanal. Forced Japan to abandon island of Guadalcanal; began MacArthur’s island hopping counterattack. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KQKJY43-LmE