ADOLESCENCE AND ERIKSON What are the social conflicts that shape our lives?

Erik Erikson’s Theory Innate drives to develop social relationships and that these promote survival (Darwinism) Drive to resolve conflict

The Story of Little Bobby…

Stage 1 (birth - 1) People are Caring People are uncaring TRUST MISTRUST

Stage 2 Two years old Battle of wills between Bobby and parents Autonomy Bobby’s behavior is discouraged & punished Exploration is encouraged Shame & Doubt

Stage 3 (3-5 years) Initiative vs. Guilt Children are exposed to the wider social world and given greater responsibility Child is learning social & cognitive skills ENCOURAGE Discourage Can plan and try new things Guilt, Can’t get along with others

Stage 4 (6-12 years) Stage of life surrounding mastery of knowledge and intellectual skills Exciting time for learning-school, games, projects Cant Apply Myself Competence & Task Completion INDUSTRY INFERIORITY

Stage 5 (adolescence) Identity vs. Confusion Developing a sense of who one is and where s/he is going in life Successful resolution =positive identity Unsuccessful resolution =identity confusion

Who am I ? Identity Crisis( James Marcia) Four Forms of Identity: Achievement Foreclosure Diffusion Moratorium

Physiological Changes in Girls: Height Surge? Menarche? Hypothalamus Pituitary Estrogen ( 10.5 years)

Physiological changes in Males Height? - 13 – 14 years Onset of Growth? -11.5 years Production and release of sperm? - 12 – 14 years Hypothalamus Pituitary Testosterone

Body Changes at Puberty

Early vs. Late Maturation

Stage 6 (young adulthood) Time for sharing oneself with another person Unstable relationships, job performance, group participation Can make & keep commitments ISOLATION INTIMACY

Stage 7 (middle adulthood) Generativity vs. Stagnation Caring for others (family, friends) Contribution to later generations Boredom & Meaninglessness Stagnation

Stage 8 (late adulthood to death) Integrity vs. Despair See broad truths and advise those in earlier stages Bitter sense that life has been incomplete Feelings of helplessness Bitter sense that life has been incomplete

Death & Dying ( Elisabeth Kubler-Ross) Denial – “ Not me…” Anger or Resentment- “Why me… Bargaining-” Yes me but….” (temporary truce) Depression- “ Yes, me” Acceptance