Organization and Systems The Human Body

Cells The basic unit of life.

Tissues Specialized cells work together to form tissues.

Organs Tissues work together to form organs.

Organ Systems Organs work together to form organ systems.

Organism Organ systems work together to form organisms.

DR. MCSNEER, II D – digestive R – respiratory M – muscular C – circulatory S – skeletal N – nervous E – excretory E – endocrine R – reproductive I – immune I – integumentary (skIn)

D - Digestive Accessory Organs Salivary glands Organs: Liver Mouth Gall bladder Pancreas Organs: Mouth Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine (colon) Rectum Anus Function: Takes food into the body, breaks food down, and absorbs the digested materials.

R - Respiratory Organs: Function: Nose/mouth Trachea Alveoli Lungs Function: Moves oxygen from the outside into the body. It also removes carbon dioxide and water from the body.

M - muscular Organs: muscles Functions: Enables the body to move; Moves food through the digestive system; Keeps the heart beating.

Bell Work April 25, 2007 Describe how the circulatory system and the digestive system depend on each other to do their jobs. Could one survive without the other?

C - Circulatory Function: Organs: Carries needed materials to the body cells; Carries wastes away from body cells; Helps fight disease. Organs: Heart Blood vessels Arteries Veins Capillaries

S - Skeletal Organs: Bones Functions: Supports the body; Protects it; Works with muscles to allow movement; Makes blood cells; Stores phosphorus and calcium

N - Nervous Functions: Organs: Detects and interprets information from the environments outside the body and within the body; Controls most body functions. Organs: Brain Spinal Cord Peripheral nerves

E - Excretory Organs: Kidneys Function: Ureters Removes waste. Bladder Urethra Function: Removes waste.

E - Endocrine *Organs and Functions : *Glands – regulate body processes *Pituitary – growth, blood pressure, water balance *Adrenal – adrenaline helps respond to emergencies *Ovaries- female sex hormones *Testes – male sex hormones Parathyroid – regulates calcium in blood Thyroid – releases of energy from cell Hypothalamus – controls pituitary Thymus – helps cells develop Pancreas- control levels of glucose in blood

R - Reproductive Organs: Female – Functions: Ovaries Uterus Vagina Male – Testes Penis Functions: Produces sex cells that can unite with other sex cells to create offspring; Controls male and female characteristics.

I - Immune Organs: Lymph nodes White cells Functions: Fights disease Anti-bodies Functions: Fights disease

I - Integumentary Organs: Skin Functions: Protects the body; Keeps water inside the body; Helps regulate body temperature.

DR. MCSNEER, II The structures of an organism’s organs and organ systems are related to the functions they perform.