ESSAY ERRORS *Copy on Left (Cornell style) and SKIP LINES!!! 1. Sentences 2. Sentence Fragments 3. Correcting Fragments 4. Run-On Sentences 5. Fused Sentences 6. Comma Splices 7. Correcting Run-Ons * Only copy what is written in red

Most Common Errors The sentence is AWKWARD (does not make sense; missing words; fragments; run-ons). INCORRECT SPELLING INCORRECT PUNCUATION INCORRECT USE OF WORDS

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. I ain't got no VISA I ain’t got no Red American Express We can’t go nowhere exotic It don’t matter ‘cause I’m the one that loves you best Talk to me girl Timbaland - The Way I Are Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. I Th-th-that that don't kill me Can only make me stronger I need you to hurry up now Cause I can't wait much longer I know I got to be right now Cause I can't get much wronger Man I been waitin' all night now That's how long I've been on ya Kanye West - Stronger Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. Then Watch Me Crank Dat Robocop Super Fresh, Now Watch Me Jock Jocking On Them Haterz Mayn When I Do Dat Soulja Boy I Lean To The Left And Crank Dat Thang Soulja Boy - Crank Dat Soulja Boy Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. I need a credit card that's got no limit And a big black jet with a bedroom in it Gonna join the mile high club At thirty-seven thousand feet --(Been there done that)— Nickelback Rockstar Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. I don't wanna see another hurricane Baby you can kill the pain If you just let me explain Trust me I know what I'm sayin' You will end up on the track of an oncoming train Stuck in the passenger seat Tryin'a do the fast lane Lil' Wayne Apologize (remix) Lyrics Featuring: Timbaland Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. Shawty Fly, Shawty Tight Shoulda Stayed There All Night With You (You) With You I Missed Ya, Picked Ya Now Its Time I Get Back Up With You(You)Girl With You Oh Yeah We Used To Kick Up At The Park Now She's All Grown Up Rockin Them Stilettos Jumpin up Out That Mercedes Truck Dreams Shawty Is A Ten Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Let’s look at some examples. Incompatible, it don't matter though 'cos someone's bound to hear my cry Speak out if you do you're not easy to find Natasha Bedingfield Soulmate Lyrics

AWKWARDNESS Some Sentences are Awkward because they are run-ons or sentence fragments!

Exploring Sentences and Sentence Fragments Fun with Fragments Exploring Sentences and Sentence Fragments

1. Sentences (copy on left) A sentence is a group of words that expresses a complete thought. COPY ON RIGHT A sentence contains a subject and a verb. COPY ON RIGHT EXAMPLE: Dan attended the pep rally before the football game.

Sometimes part of the sentence may be missing. Three little girls in the front row What’s missing? Ran behind the blue couch In the attic at the top of the stairs

When a group of words fails to tell us Who or what did something (the subject), What happened (the verb), Or both (the subject and the verb), we have what is known as a sentence fragment.

2. Sentence Fragment COPY ON LEFT A sentence fragment is only a piece of a sentence. COPY ON RIGHT It does not express a complete thought. COPY ON RIGHT It is missing the subject or verb. COPY ON RIGHT

Let’s correct these sentence fragments!

Sat behind me in science class What’s missing?

The new girl sat behind me in science class. Yes, we need a subject. The new girl sat behind me in science class.

The bag of groceries on the kitchen table What’s missing?

The bag of groceries on the kitchen table goes to Grandmother's house. Yes, we need a verb. The bag of groceries on the kitchen table goes to Grandmother's house.

After the rain stopped What’s missing?

Yes, we need a subject and a verb. After the rain stopped, the children ran outside to play.

Remember, a sentence must tell you all you need to know to have a complete thought.

3. Correcting Fragments COPY ON LEFT Subjects or verbs can be added COPY ON RIGHT Fragments can be joined together COPY ON RIGHT All of the following are correct With his disposable lighter in his hand, he told everyone to get out of the way. Then he lit the fuse. Pulling out his disposable lighter, Fred told everyone to get out of the way before he lit the fuse. He pulled out his disposable lighter. Fred told everyone to get out of the way and then he lit the fuse.

Watch out for sentence fragments!

4. Run-on Sentences COPY ON LEFT A run-on sentence is a sentence that contains two improperly joined sentences (independent clauses). COPY ON RIGHT

4. Two types of run-on sentences: Fused Sentences COPY ON RIGHT Comma Splices COPY ON RIGHT

5. Fused Sentences COPY ON LEFT A Fused Sentence occurs when two sentences are joined without any punctuation. COPY ON RIGHT Incorrect: Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night they are probably wrong.

6. Comma Splices COPY ON LEFT A comma splice occurs when two sentences are joined with only a comma. COPY ON RIGHT Incorrect: The teacher told the students to complete the section on comma splices, she also told them to compose a five-page essay.

7. Four Ways to Correct Run-ons COPY ON LEFT 1. Use a period. COPY ON RIGHT Miranda was the lead vocalist in her band it was a punk rock band. Miranda was the lead vocalist in her band. It was a punk rock band.

7. 2. Use a Semicolon COPY ON RIGHT Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night they are probably wrong. Some students think they can study for an important exam by “cramming” all night; they are probably wrong.

First I Went to the grocery store then I went to the library. 7. 3. Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, yet, for, or, nor, so) COPY ON RIGHT First I Went to the grocery store then I went to the library. First I went to grocery store, and then I went to the library.

7. 4. Add a subordinating conjunction or dependent word. COPY ON RIGHT Maria and John like skiing Karen does not. Although Maria and John like skiing, Karen does not. Some common subordinating conjunctions: After, although, before, unless, as, because, even though, if, since, until, when, while.

Practice Grammar Book Pages 111-114