Physical Properties of Minerals

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Presentation transcript:

Physical Properties of Minerals Cleavage Fracture Color Streak Luster Hardness Heft

Cleavage - mineral breaks evenly along a smooth, flat surface the cleavage plane

Cleavage Minerals can have 1, 2, 3, 4 or 6 cleavage directions. Four Directions Six Directions Tetrahedral Dodecahedral

“1” Cleavage - Basal

“1” Cleavage - Basal Topaz Muscovite Mica Biotite Mica

“2 ” Cleavage K-Spar

“ 3 ” Cleavage “3 ” vs. “3” Calcite Rhodochrosite 3

“3 ” Cleavage Halite

“3 ” Cleavage Galena

4 direction Cleavage Fluorite

6 direction Cleavage Sphalerite Sodalite

Uneven Fracture

Splintery Fracture

Conchoidal Fracture

Granular Fracture

Colors of Fluorite Iridescence

Distinctive Mineral Colors Turquoise Malachite Azurite Rhodochrosite

Streak – More Reliable Rub the corner of the mineral against a streak plate. (Hematite - Red-Brown Streak) Gold Mineral-Black Streak Gray Mineral- Red Streak

Luster – How a Mineral Reflects Light

Metallic Luster

Submetallic Luster

Vitreous (“Glassy”) Luster

Sub-Vitreous Luster

Dull Luster

Pearly Luster

Silky Luster

Adamantine “Sparkly” Luster

Resinous Luster

Mohs’ Hardness Scale (Relative Hardness)

Mohs’ Hardness Scale (Relative Hardness)

Mohs’ Hardness Scale (Relative Hardness)

Relative Hardness vs. Absolute Hardness

Special Properties Chatoyancy Asterism

Special Properties Striations Fluorescence Iridescence