Civil War, Part II How does the war effect civilians?

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Presentation transcript:

Civil War, Part II How does the war effect civilians? How does the South sink to it’s knees?

War on the Homefront Lincoln and Davis suspend habeas corpus allowed gov’t to hold citizens w/out formally charging them w/ a crime N & S impose conscription (draft men army) 180,000 African Amer. fight for N Segregated regiments, major discrimination POWs die in prisons (disease, starvation) Women = army nurses Confederate econ.: Inflation rises 7,000%! Congress (U.S.) collects income tax for 1st time!

Battle at Gettysburg & Lincoln’s Address July 1-3, 1863 Gen. Lee vs Gen. Meade Gen. Lee loses 23,000 Union casualties (dead + wounded) 28,000 Confed. casualties November 1863: Lincoln delivers Gettysburg Address Dedication of cemetery

Vicksburg, MS – July 4, 1863 Gen. Grant attacked and starved the town. Confed’s surrender 1864 - Grant was appointed commander of all Union armies.

Please answer the following ?s in notes How did Lincoln expand his Executive Power and take certain rights away from citizens? What is the term for drafting people into the military? What happened to the Southern Econ.? After which battle was Grant appointed commander of all Union armies?

Gen.’s Grant & Sherman Wage Total War I want to make southerners “so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it.” 1864, Grant apptd. William Tecumseh Sherman as commander of Mississ. div. of U.S. Army. 1864: From Georgia to the Atlantic, Sherman’s men burn everything. 25,000 freed slaves follow him N Emancipation Proclamation!

Lincoln re-elected in 1864 Lincoln thought he’d lose people sick of war and casualties Grant & Sherman victories inspire the North Lincoln wins election!

April 3, 1865 The War Ends Un. troops take Richmond, VA (Con. Capital) Lee surrenders @ Appomattox Court House, VA He meets w/ Grant Terms of surrender were generous Confederate soldiers were permitted to return home

Human Effects The Union Army: 2,500,000 to 2,750,000 men. Battle deaths:110,070 Disease, etc.:250,152 Total: 360,222 The Confed. Army: 750,000 to 1,250,000 men Battle deaths: 94,000 Disease, etc.: 164,000 Total: 258,000

Effects of Civil War Federal Gov’t became stronger Economic gap widens b/t North and South War technology develops Rifle, soft-lead bullets (more destructive) Ironclad ship 13th Amendment, Dec. 1865: Outlaws slavery and indentured servitude

Lincoln Assassinated

Lincoln’s Assassinated April 14, 1865 at Ford Theatre in Washington John Wilkes Booth (a Southern sympathizer) shot Lincoln in the back of the head. He was caught and killed 12 days later.

Please answer the following questions… How did Sherman wage total war? What is significant about the Appomattox Court House? What did the 13th Amendment do? What is John Wilkes Booth known for? What are the two ways Lincoln helped to abolish slavery? Consider the strategy of total war. Do you think the end justifies the means? Did defeating the Confederacy justify harming civilians? Explain.