Progress of BRIF and CARIF Weiping Liu 柳卫平 中国原子能科学研究院 China Institute of Atomic Energy, CIAE October 14, 2010 International symposium on nuclear physics in Asia Beihang University

Major facilities of nuclear physics in China Beijing BRIF, BRIF II , Low E HI, RIB, 2013 Lanzhou, CSR Med E HI, RIB, 2008

Few words about CIAE China Institute of Atomic Energy Established in 1950, multi-disciplinary national lab for nuclear science, JAEA like, 30 km SW of downtown Nuclear physics, basic research Nuclear chemistry, nuclear fuel cycle technology Reactor engineering and more, Nuclear application, application of nuclear science Uniqueness Large scale facilities, reactors, accelerators, hot labs Multiple field of nuclear science Connection between research and industry

What is BRIF and CARIF Both in CIAE BRIF: Beijing Rare Ion beam Facility, under construction, will be commissioned in 2013, ISOL type CARIF: China Advanced Rare Ion beam Facility, proposed, in combination of ISOL and PF technique

ISOL and PF The New facilities The combination of both For precise physics with high quality beams Advanced target and ion source technology needed Few operational, many proposed, ISAC, REX-ISOLDE, HRIBF, etc BRIF PF For physics of extreme iso-spin Using in-flight separation method Currently used in many facilities, e.g., MSU, GANIL, CSR, RIBF, FRIB, and FAIR The New facilities The combination of both Considered in FRIB, SPIRAL2, KoRIA and EURISOL Proposed in CARIF

BRIF (Beijing Rare Ion beam Facility) Cyclotron ISOL Tandem SCL ISOL 20000 mass resolution super-conducting LINAC 2 MeV/q compact proton cyclotron 100 MeV 200 mA

Project milestone Evaluation in 1997 Project approved in 2003 Feasibility plan approved ($27 M) in 2004 Revised feasibility plan submitted in 2008 Revised feasibility plan got permission in Aug. 2009 ($52 M)

New parts after the Tandem Cyclotron ISOL

Cyclotron

Cyclotron progress The main magnet in final assembly stage Two main magnet coils are ready Two 100kW RF power supplies tested The vacuum chamber and elevating system will be completed soon

ISOL progress Magnet fabricated Target/ion source test bench assembled Magnet coils finished

BRIF upgrade Super-conducting LINAC of 17 MeV/q from Stony Brook NYU

BRIF summary Cyclotron: magnet rough finished, with detailed fabrication finished ISOL: magnets finished, target-source area in progress SC LINAC: design finished, all the fabrication in progress Civil engineering will start by the end of the year Will deliver to user in 2013 The follow up SC LINAC for NYU may be operational in 2014

CARIF proposal China Advanced Rare Ion-beam Facility

Frontier of nuclear physics and facility development Exploring the area of extreme isospin: current status reach Z=30 for proton rich reach Z=10 for neutron rich, far from the region of shell evolution and astrophysical r-process What RIB intensity we need to go further 10-5 pps, for neutron drip line search 10-2 pps, for half life and mass 102 pps, for direct reaction 104 pps, initiative structure study Need: higher energy, intensity and acceptance What limit us now The isospin of stable beams Beam transport Space charge limitation High resolution and beam purity at same time

The new generation Using neutron beam instead: from reactor or accelerator, with 580 b 235U fission, ISOL selection of “easy but good” fragmentation, post acceleration, fragmentation again. EURISOL, CARIF Pro and con Pro: we will have 5-8 more neutrons than stable beam, with cross section increase by 6-9 order Con: re-accelerated beam intensity weaker by 5-6 order: RIBF 238U 1012 pps；New 132Sn109-10 pps The net gain: 1-2 order or more! Feasibility: combination of well established technique Good and easy beam: long half life, high yield, normal ISOL 10 pnA order beam acceleration: no limitation of space charge and beam diagnostics The PF technique is well established I. Tanihata, NIM B266(2008)4067

Pro and Con chart

Good and easy fragments 91Kr 1.8 s 132Sn 39.7 s Good and easy： Large yield Long half live Easy to separate

Research reactor in the world Neturon flux (horizontal,/s/cm2) ILL, 1.5X1015 FRMII, 6X1014 Other, 3X1014 CARR 8X1014 Some similar proposal ILL, PIAFE FRMII,MAFF Not approved, and not post fragmentation Provide useful informaiton

The CARIF China Advanced Rare Ion-beam Facility T1/2 N/Z 132Sn, 91Kr, 142Xe 132Sn, 91Kr, 142Xe 120Sr, 78Ni, 138Sn nth ISOL 同位素 分离器 FRS 次级 束流线 LINAC 直线 加速器 Halo r process Magic CARR 反应堆 8x1014cm2s-1 109pps 107-8pps 102-3pps 150 MeV/A 50 MeV/A 300 keV 132Sn, 91Kr, 142Xe SHE Reaction Structure 108pps 10 MeV/A T1/2 N/Z 132Sn, 39.7 s, 1.64 91Kr , 1.8 s, 1.53 142Xe,1.22 s, 1.63 N/Z 238U, 1.57 48Ca , 1.4 136Xe, 1.52

CARIF construction plan Mass-separator Ion Source CARR DTL RFQs Bunching RFQ Experiments of decay of SHE etc Charge selector breeder Mass separator reactor Secondary beam line LINAC Target chamber Experiment of unstable beam Stable ECR ion source

The location in eye birds view CARR CARIF

The China Advanced Research Reactor CARR Proposal approved in 1997 Engineering approved in 2002 Civil engineering finished in 2005 Reactor core finished in 2007 First critical in May, 2010 Multipurpose, high performance Light water cooling, heavy water reflecting 60MW, neutron flux8×1014 n/cm2·s Will reach full power by the end of 2011

CARISOL: the current status For decay studies and CARIF ISOL test bench

Comparison of fission rates A good way for intensity comparison for fission fragment post acceleration facility is the fission rate, since the technique after this is the same CARIF CARIBU SPIRAL2 TRIUMF SCRIT Fission rates 1015 109 1014 1013 1011 Remarks Reactor neutron, 235U of 5g 252Cf spon. fission Accelerator neutron, 238U of 280g Photo fission

Technical challenges High temperature and dosage target/ion source Effective extrication of fission fragment Effective isotope separation High beam transmission of post acceleration stage PIAFFE gave a very detailed and helpful proposal CARIBU in ANL, under construction, 252Cf fission then ISOL, ATLAS acceleration ORNL, separation and acceleration of 132Sn to 104 pps Studsvik reactor: 1 g 235U and 3X1011 /cm2/s neutron All showing the feasibility of ISOL post acceleration of fission fragment beams like 132Sn

Beams with 91Kr r-process Neutron flux: 8x1014 /s/cm2, 235U target: 5g, Linac transmission: 50%

Beams with 132Sn r-process Well with the reach of astrophysical r-process

Beams with 142Xe r-process 120Sr to 10-4 pps, the possibility to explore neutron drip line

Science and application Add single neutrons until drip line New magic number Super heavy elements Giant halo structure Astrophysical r-process Multi-neutron correlation New decay modes: bxn, GS neutron decay Neutrino beam Data of n-rich nuclei Application of n-rich beams

CARIF region CARIF New isotopes by U in-flight fission S. Kubono / Nuclear Physics A 693 (2001) 221–248

Nuclear structure CARIF H. Grawe, M. Lewitowicz / Nuclear Physics A 693 (2001) 116–132

CARIF proposal progress Domestic, 2010 January, first internal discussion June, plan submitted to CAEA and then to NDRC July and after, plan presented in community International January, idea discussion in RCNP July, brief report in WG9/IUPAP, Vancouver, and then cited by B. Fulton in INPC2010 invited talk October, presented in ANPhA symposium in Seoul

Summary Nuclear physics in CIAE will open up new opportunities, driving by BRIF and future CARIF BRIF will be a unique ISOL facility and will be commissioned in 2013 CARIF will be a world advanced facility, based on the commissioning CARR research reactor The combination of advanced idea and feasible technique will result the extremely neutron-rich beam, possibly higher intensity than existing facilities We will have a workshop on CARIF in March 2011 in Beijing, after ANPhA meeting in Lanzhou, welcome to join us to give suggestions on CARIF design and its physics!