FLASHBACK fORESHADOWING

Lesson 2 SPI 0701.8.7 Identify flashback, foreshadowing, and symbolism within context.

Flashback Now try breaking the word FLASHBACK apart. FLASH: a quick glimpse. BACK: a look back in the story at something that previously happened.

What It Is FLASHBACK Turning back the clock Scenes that took place in the past Scenes literally “flash back” Brings story or play to a standstill Interrupts story’s chronological order

FLASHBACK What It Is NOT! Just talking about the past Referring to past experiences

Little Red Riding Hood The wolf went up to Little Red Riding Hood and told her that he knew a shortcut. Little Red Riding Hood thought back to what her mother told her. “Don’t talk to any strangers and watch out for the wolf in the woods!” But it was too late, she had already listened to the wolf’s directions. Flashback

Why Use Flashback? Gives audience first hand look at the past Gives background that the audience needs to understand situations or characters Brings to life the memory of the character having the flashback

Why Use Flashback? Lets audience understand character behavior and motivation May give some foreshadowing clues as to the future of the characters

Examples “A Christmas Carol” “It’s a Wonderful Life” The Diary of Anne Frank(the (the play version)

Examples Harry Potter book & movies “Lost” television show “Family Guy” television show “Buffy the Vampire Slayer”

Creating Flashback tip the reader that you are leaving the present transition statement such as, "John remembered the day his father died." clue the reader that you are returning to the present another transition sentence ("But that was then and this was now, and John had to let the past stay in the past."

Buddy Chat Share with your learning buddy a flashback from a book or short story you have read or a movie story you have seen

Foreshadowing Try breaking the word FORESHADOWING apart. FORE means ahead. A SHADOW is a glimpse of something without the complete details.

Foreshadowing a way of indicating or hinting at what will come later

Foreshadowing can be subtle more direct like storm clouds on the horizon suggesting that danger is coming more direct such as Romeo and Juliet talking about wanting to die rather than live without each other

Foreshadowing adds dramatic tension create suspense Why is it important? adds dramatic tension create suspense convey information to help the reader understand what comes later

How do I create foreshadowing placing clues, both subtle and direct, into the text mentioning an upcoming event explaining the plans of the people or characters portrayed in the text

Ask yourself ???? Are there phrases about the future? Is there a change happening in the weather, the setting, or the mood?

Ask yourself ???? Are there objects or scenic elements that suggest something happy, sad, dangerous, exciting, etc.? Do characters or the narrator observe something in the background that might be a hint about something to come later?

Little Red Riding Hood Once upon a time, there was a little girl who lived with her mother. Her mother asked her to take her old and lonely grandmother some food one day. "Don't stop along the way. Go straight to your Grandma's house and back. Don't talk to any strangers and watch out for the wolf in the woods! Now get along!" Before this slide, there could be a transition slide. Something that allows the reader to know what is coming next. .. Now you will will portions from a story… Foreshadowing

often appears at the beginning of a story or chapter Foreshadowing Tip often appears at the beginning of a story or chapter

Let’s Chat Share with the class an example of foreshadowing from a book or short story you have read or a movie story you have seen

Symbolism *A person, place or object which has a meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well.* However, a symbol is not what it symbolizes. Things, characters and actions can be symbols. *Anything that suggests a meaning beyond the obvious.* 23

Symbolism Some symbols are conventional, generally meaning the same thing to all readers.  For example: bright sunshine symbolizes goodness and water is a symbolic cleanser. 25

Symbolism For example, a dove is a bird, but when used as a symbol it represents peace. If the dove dies, peace does not die. 26

Symbolism Freedom United States of America 27

How to find symbolism? Recognize the signs. the frequency an object or character is mentioned in a piece of literature--if it is mentioned often, it is probably important. how much detail is used in describing an object These two methods give clues that the writer wants you to infer something about a particular object. 28

Common Symbols of Literature Sleep is often related to death. Dreams are linked to the future or fate. Seasons often represent ages: spring—youth summer--prime of life autumn--middle age winter--old age or death. 29

Common Symbols of Literature Water is sometimes linked to the idea of birth or purification. Colors are often linked to emotions: red--anger, blue—happiness green--jealousy. They are also used to represent states of being: black--death or evil white--purity or innocence green--growth. 30

Common Symbols of Literature Forests are often places of testing or challenge. Light--as the sun, the moon, stars, candles--often symbolizes good, hope, freedom. Darkness is associated with evil, magic or the unknown. 31

Example 1: George looked down at Sandra as she lay on the soft grass Example 1: George looked down at Sandra as she lay on the soft grass. It was another beautiful day at Jefferson Park. He had brought her here for their first date, and he'd stood just where he was, watching as she set down her bags and kicked off her shoes. She had reclined back, shaded her eyes, and looked up at the clouds. Her voice was shakier now, her hair grayer, but she was still his Sandra. adapted from http://teenwriting.about.com What happens in this story's flashback? A. George brings Sandra to the park for their first date. B. George admires Sandra's shaky voice and graying hair. C. George and Sandra, a married couple, relax in the park. D. George reclines on the grass and looks up at the clouds.

Example 2: Jim Chandler was sitting at home watching the evening news when his son Preston asked him a question. "Dad," Preston began. "This is a school assignment Mrs. Jones gave us. What were you doing when John F. Kennedy was assassinated?” Jim shifted nervously in his seat. The Political Science 1301 exam was too difficult! Surely, something could interrupt this test and put an end to it. Jim hadn't studied. All of a sudden, Professor Hinckle from the Philosophy Department opened the door, disturbing the students taking the exam. "Everyone," he began in a calm voice. "President Kennedy has been shot. The university has said that all exams and classes are canceled." What is the literary device used in the story? A. Plot B. Flashback C. Flash-forward D. Alliteration

Ex. 3 : It was a dark and cold winter morning Ex. 3 : It was a dark and cold winter morning. Jim and his brother Carl waited impatiently for the school bus. Carl chewed on a peanut butter and jelly sandwich. "I hate going to school," Jim said. "You never know what might go wrong during the day. We might have a pop quiz or be attacked by the school bully." Carl finished the last sandwich bite and moved on to a thermos filled with chocolate milk. "It's a lot more fun in my class." "Sure," Jim said. "It's because you're in kindergarten. Everything's fun in kindergarten." The bus arrived. Both boys walked into it and separated to find their friends. As Jim sat down next to his best friend Mike, he noticed something. "Hey, my lunchbox feels really light." Which sentence from the passage is an example of foreshadowing? A. " 'Hey, my lunchbox feels really light.' " B. "Both boys walked into it and separated to find their friends." C. " 'You never know what might go wrong during the day.' " D. " 'It's because you're in kindergarten.' "

Example 4 I took one look outside my bedroom window and saw the drab, gray, dreary sky. I pulled the coverlet up over my face, trying to hide from the morning. I knew that I could no longer put off the dreaded task. Today, everyone would have to know my hideous secret. The passage is an example of A. metaphor. B. flashback. C. foreshadowing. D. euphemism.

1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C