Density Notes

Matter – anything that has mass and volume Mass – the amount of matter in a substance [gram (g), kilogram (kg)] Volume – the amount of space a substance takes up Liquids and gases – milliliter (mL), liter (L) Solids – cubic centimeter (cm3), cubic meter (m3)

Amount of mass packed into a given space Physical property of matter Density Amount of mass packed into a given space Physical property of matter The density of a substance DOES NOT CHANGE!! Less dense substances float on top of more dense substances. Density = mass volume or m d = V

Calculating Density Density of liquids 1. Use a graduated cylinder to measure volume 2. Use a triple beam balance to measure mass. Measure mass of the empty graduated cylinder Measure mass of the liquid and the graduated cylinder Subtract the mass of the empty cylinder from the mass of the full cylinder  mass of liquid 3. Calculate d = m V

Density of solids with regular shapes Measure the volume with a ruler – length x width x height (l x w x h) Use a balance to measure the mass. Calculate d = m V

Density of Solids with Irregular Shapes Measure volume using water displacement Measure initial volume of water in a graduated cylinder. Drop the object into the water. Measure the new volume. Subtract the first volume from the second volume  final volume of object 2. Measure the mass of the object with a balance. 3. Calculate d = m V