An understanding of complex anti-social behaviour cases, including cases presented at partner risk assessment conference (ASBRAC) Best use of community safety or policing research Lancashire County Council Rebecca Eckersley November 2017

Anti-social behaviour Aim: Understand the factors underlying high risk anti-social behaviour cases Explore the causes of escalation to serious harm or repeat victimisation Provide direction to community safety and early intervention services Reduce escalation to serious harm and repeat victimisation of anti-social behaviour Lancashire Strategic Assessment (2015-18) recognised gap in countywide priority

Anti-social behaviour - data Accessible data: Incidents reported to the police (14% of all reports, 77,093) 11% repeat locations – not person based Police data not all partners High Risk cases not evident High risk cases are dealt with at ASB Risk Assessment Conferences Missing data from half of districts Unique approach to managing data Harman data base Police data (not multi-agency) it does include High Risk Location Based but “victim” data is accessible Includes Early Action and High Impact callers Extensive data cleansing required Often business or public ground Draw on multi-agency information to establish complete picture Enables establishment of lead agency, multi-directional action plan More permanent solution within shorter time frame

Anti-social behaviour - method Age, Race, Sexuality, Mental health, Physical health Methodology: Data cleansing Key word searching and coding Coding from reading each case Analysis for types of cases, times, locations Correlation across variables (SPSS) Direct neighbour Local neighbour Youth Alcohol, drugs, isolation, Targeting property/vehicle Road rage Verbal abuse / noise / housing Early Action , High Impact Callers, vulnerable people

Anti-social behaviour - findings Duration The most common time scale for cases to continue prior to a resolution is 8 to 10 weeks. Demographics The most common lifestyle type (22%) is transient renters of low cost accommodation often within subdivided older properties. Although the number of cases were equally split in terms of gender, the high risk cases were female biased, accounting for 63% (26) of the total. People over the age of 30 years were most affected by neighbour nuisance. In one in five cases the perimeter of harmed person’s property is targeted suggesting that criminal damage is a common activity undertaken as part of anti-social behaviour. MOSAIC divides the UK population into 15 Groups and 66 more detailed types. It uses over 400 data variables and paints a unique picture of UK consumers based on their demographic characteristics, lifestyles and behaviour.

Anti-social behaviour - findings Mental Health Mental Health was reported in 43% (86) of cases either as a determining factor or as a result of the anti-social behaviour itself; this rose to 63% for cases between direct neighbours. A third of cases involved noise nuisance; there is a strong correlation between cases involving mental health and noise. One third of cases involved alcohol or drugs or both, a third of these also reported mental health as an aggravating factor.

Anti-social behaviour - findings Hate Crime Hate Crime and mental health issues together with alcohol and drugs has on anti-social behaviour. It demonstrates that Hate Crime which accounts for 1% of all crime has a greater impact in complex and higher risk cases of anti-social behaviour (18%). Hate – race was reported in 13% of cases, a third of which were high risk; a further 5% of cases were classed as hate against gender or sexual orientation.

Anti-social behaviour - future What next: Reassess management of ASBRAC cases across agencies and sharing good practice across areas Promote the recording of substance misuse to compare to national data Include diversity in any awareness courses for youth involved in ASB Highlight the links between health and ASB to professionals Provides evidence in why we should continue to invest time and resources at an early stage of ASB e.g. noise Initiated further work on Hate Crime