Periodic Table Trends Physical Science 2016

B=Metals, P=Metalloids, Y=Nonmetal

Metals Elements that are: Shiny Opaque Good conductors of electricity and heat Malleable

Nonmetals Elements that are: Poor conductors of electricity and heat May be transparent Brittle Can be solid, liquid, or gas

Metalloids Has characteristics similar to both metals and nonmetals

Trends Periodic trend = a gradual change in elemental properties Periodicity = a trend that repeats

Example of a Trend Atomic size decreases from left to right K Ca Sc Ti Potassium Scandium Calcium Titanium

Alkali Metals Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Known to be used to make soaps Ex: Sodium

Alkali Earth Metals Makes an alkaline solution when mixed with water Elements are fire resistant Ex: Beryllium

Transition Metals Harder than alkali metals Less reactive with water Ex: Zinc Ex: Iron

Inner Transition Metals Lanthanides Difficult to purify Used in LED’s Actinides Mostly made in a laboratory Ex: Uranium

Boron Group Due to its ionic bonding, these elements have highly desirable metallic traits.

Carbon Group Occur in nature as both combined and elemental versions. Not very reactive.

Nitrogen Group Has some characteristics of semi-metals

Chalcogens (Oxygen) “ore-forming” in Greek Commonly found in ores Ex: Sulfur ore

Halogens “salt-forming” in Greek Known to form salts Found in halogen lamps Ex: Bromine

Noble Gases All unreactive gases Doesn’t like to combine with other elements Ex: Helium