PLATE MARGINS

PHYSICAL FEATURES OF INDIA Theory of plate Tectonics : According to this theory , the crust of the earth has been formed out of seven major and some minor plates. The movement of the plates - Folding , Faulting and Volcanic activity.

Convergent Boundary : Some plates come towards each other and form convergent boundary.

Divergent boundary : Some plates move away from each other and form divergent boundary.

Transform Boundary In the event of two plates coming together they may either collide and crumble or one may slide under the other .At times, they may also move horizontally past each other and form transform boundary.

Gondwana land The oldest landmass. The Gondwana land included India,Australia,South Africa, south America and Antarctica. Role of convectional currents. Indo-Australian plates and Eurasian plate. Tethys sea and fold mountain

Compress ional force Results Folding Eg. HIMALAYAS

VERTICAL MOVEMENT FOLDING HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT FAULTING MOUNTAIN BUILDING FAULTING VERTICAL MOVEMENT RIFT VALLEY

Major Physiographic Divisions of India The Himalayan Mountains The Northern Plains The Peninsular Plateau The Indian Desert The Coastal Plains The Islands

The Himalayan Mountain

The Himalayan Mountains Young &Fold mountain Run in west east direction Covers a distance of about 2400 km Width varies from 400 km to 150 km From north to south it is divided to three (1.Himadri. 2 Himachal 3 Shiwaliks) From west to east it is divided in to Punjab Himalaya, Kumaon Himalaya, Nepal Himalaya and Assam Himalaya.

Himalayas

The Northern Plains Formed by three major river systems- the indus,the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. Formed of alluvial soils It spreads over an area of 7 lakh sq km About 2400 km long and 240 to 320 km broad

The Northern Plains

Coastal view of Deccan Plateau

The Peninsular Plateau A table land formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondwanaland It got 2 broad divisions-Central High Land and Deccan Plateau Central high land lies north to Narmada river and Deccan Plateau lies south to Narmada river The Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats mark the western and eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau

The Indian Desert Lies towards the western margin of the Aravalli Hills A sandy plain covered with sand dunes Very low rain fall (below 150mm per year) low vegetation cover and arid climate Luni is the only large river

DUST STORMS SAND DUNE

The Coastal Plains A stretch of narrow coastal strips running along the Arabian sea in the west and the Bay of Bengal in the east The western coast consists of 3 sections northern part the Konkan, the central part Kannad and the southern part the Malabar

EASTERN COASTAL PLAINS NORTHERN PART- NORTHERN SARKAR SOUTHERN PART-COROMANDAL COAST LAKE PULICAT LAKE CHILKA

The Islands India has two groups of islands .The Lakshadweep islands and the Andaman & Nicobar islands Lakshadweep islands lies in Arabian sea the Andaman & Nicobar islands lies in the Bay of Bengal

By BIJU P M