Artistic achievements Maya ● Aztec ● Inca

painting The Maya: Used __________________ and minerals to make paint Mostly painted murals depicting __________________ inside & outside their buildings Use of _______________________ was rare _______________ examples survive mural: a painting done on a _______________ Rulers likely shown in their regalia, performing their duties, receiving tributes, etc. Paintings subject to the ravages of the harsh climate; those that survived usually were murals that were covered up by later construction

Pottery The Maya: Most of their __________________ are preserved on pottery Mostly red and black on _________________ background; some periods featured more colour Include ____________________, incense burners, bowls and storage vessels Pottery for domestic uses made by women; items for ________________________ uses made by men Produced by hand without a _____________________ Featured geometric symbols, glyphs, animals, ____________________ and people __________________ pottery was similar in colour scheme and moulding technique Amount of colour is a good indicator of period of production Ceremonial pottery designed for the eyes of the gods, not human beings

Pottery The Inca: Moulded by ____________________ Decorated with mineral pigments in red, black, cream, brown, yellow, _______________ and white Mainly decorated with ___________________________, but sometimes included people, animals, birds & insects Mainly vessels for liquids and _________________ Also lacked potter’s wheel

Sculpture The Maya: Created from stone and ____________________ Large-scale sculptures include stelae and building facades and mostly commemorate _______________ Most common were small-scale, portable ______________ carvings that depicted rulers, gods and daily life The Aztec: Produced more sculptures of high quality than predecessors, but admired ______________ sculpture above their own Carved _______________________ works, but also smaller figurines (2-3cm long) Popular subjects included animals, plants, _____________, gods and human figures Jade significant to Maya as symbol of fertility (associated with plants and water) Daily life scenes are most rare; most of our images of daily life are from pottery paintings Aztecs often placed human figures near entrances to temples to act as standard bearers

Metallurgy The Inca: Worked with copper, gold, silver, tin, _____________ & platinum Bronze favoured for utilitarian objects; gold & silver favoured for decorative objects & ____________________ Produced metal ____________, jewelry, figurines as offerings to the gods, drinking cups, etc. Used _____________________ method, which is inefficient More interested in ___________________ than efficiency Also made ________________ sculptures lost wax method: make figure out of wax, encase in heat-resistant material, pour in molten metal, wax melts away, _______________________________ & reveal sculpture llamas, alpacas, pumas and humans were the most common figurines for offerings

Music The Maya: Main instruments were flutes, whistles, trumpets, maracas, _________________ and drums Played during rituals, hunting, _________________ and ceremonies Musicians played as _____________________ Made of wood, _________________, reed, shell or clay The Aztec: All ___________________ studied music at House of Song Main instruments were drums, ________________, flutes, horns and trumpets Made of shells, wood, ________________, stones

Music The Inca: Main instruments were flutes, panpipes and drums; also used _________________________ and small bells Made of wood, ____________________ and bone Instruments often decorated with ____________, silver and precious stones Most common flute was the quena (made of cane that was open on both ends, no more than 8 _______________________ stops) Music played to prepare for ________________ and celebrate victories and during festivals