Nucleic Acids!.

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Presentation transcript:

Nucleic Acids!

Learning targets DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides DNA differs from RNA in the number of strands present, the base composition, and the type of pentose DNA is a double helix made of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs. Draw a ribose sugar Draw simple diagrams of the structure of single nucleotides of DNA and RNA, using circles, pentagons and rectangles to represent phosphates, pentoses, and bases

Nucleic Acids, why are they important? Nucleic Acids encode, transmit and help express genetic information. All life on Earth uses nucleic acids Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) are both nucleic acids Where is the information for “Frog” or “Highschooler” stored? In nucleic acids!

The structure of DNA Video here

Nucleotides: the monomers of nucleic acids There are three main parts to every nucleotide The phosphate group The sugar The nitrogenous base

The nucleotides for DNA and RNA are mostly the same The nucleotides for DNA and RNA are mostly the same. However, there are two key differences.

1) The pentose sugar is slightly different #Mustmemorize #MustMemorize

2) The nitrogenous bases are slightly different

The nucleotides of DNA: how they connect

A brief aside….

Adenosine Triphosphate: The energy carrier

Draw a simplified nucleotide for DNA RNA O O HO HO OH

What are the differences between DNA and RNA? Double Stranded, antiparallel Deoxyribose is the pentose sugar Uses the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine Single Stranded Ribose is the pentose sugar Uses the bases Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Uracil

The structure of DNA DNA is a double helix made of two antiparallel strands of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonding between complementary base pairs.

Complementary base pairs A bonds with T(DNA) or U(RNA) C bonds with G

A simple diagram of the structure of DNA to represent the pentoses, phosphates, and bases. #MustMemorize

Which is the 3’ end? Which is the 5’ end? #MustMemorize 3’ 5’

DNA Modeling time! Play-doh Modeling kits Paper, scissors and markers.