Anatomy-Skeletal System

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Presentation transcript:

Anatomy-Skeletal System Types of Joints and Joints Structures

Anatomy-Skeletal System Introduction What medical term is used to describe where two bones join together? What types of joints do you know about?

Anatomy-Skeletal System Terminology Ligament Connect bone to bone Fibrous connective tissue Range of Motion (ROM) Measurable degrees of anatomical movement at a particular joint

Anatomy-Skeletal System Objectives Students will be able to: Define terms that are used to describe the types of joints. Define the types of joints. Identify the bony anatomy of the joints. Give examples for each type of joint. Identify movements that occur at specific joints.

Anatomy-Skeletal System Types of Joints Immovable Joints Where bone come in close contact with each other No active movement Cranial joints

Anatomy-Skeletal System Types of Joints Slightly Movable Joints Allows limited movement Vertebral column Except C1 &C2

Anatomy-Skeletal System Types of Joints Freely Movable Joints Synovial Joints Most joints Bones covered with hyaline cartilage Surrounded by synovial capsule

Anatomy-Skeletal System Types of Joints Synovial Capsule Joint Capsule Surrounds joint Outer layer of ligament Inner layer secretes synovial fluid Joint lubricant

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Ball & Socket The ball shaped surface of one bone fits into the cup shaped socket of another bone ROM occurs in all directions Flexion-Extension-Abduction-Adduction-Rotation-Circumduction Shoulder & Hip

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Hinge Convex surface of one bone fits into the concave depression of another bone ROM occurs in one plane Flexion-Extension Elbow, Knee & Interphalangeal Joints

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Pivot Cylindrical or rounded surface of one bone fits into the ring of another bone or ligament ROM occurs in rotation only Radioulnar & Atlas/Axis

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Gliding Articular surfaces are flat or nearly flat ROM occurs as gliding (sliding) or twisting Carpals & Tarsals

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Saddle Articular surfaces are both concave and convex ROM occurs as Flexion-Extension-Adduction-Abduction-Circumduction No rotation 1st Carpometacarpal Joint (CM) Trapezium & 1st Metacarpal

Anatomy-Skeletal System Joint Structure- Ellipsoid/Condyloid Oval shaped condyloid surface of one bone fits into the ellipsoidal depression (ellipse) of another bone ROM occurs as Flexion-Extension-Adduction-Abduction-Circumduction No rotation Metacarpophalangeal Joints Metatarsophalangeal Joints MP Joints