Immunology Review Created by Educational Technology Network. www.edtechnetwork.com 2009

Immu 1 Immu 2 Immu 3 Immu 4 Immu 5 10 20 30 40 50

Immu 1 - 10 Which row in the chart below contains an event that is paired with an appropriate response in the human body? Row Event Response 1 A virus enters the bloodstream Increased production of antibodies 2 Fertilization of an egg Increased levels of testosterone 3 Dehydration due to increased sweating Increased urine output 4 A drop in the rate of digestion Increased respiration rate

Immu 1 Answer – 10 1 A virus enters the bloodstream Increased production of antibodies

Immu 1 - 20 State one way white blood cells protect the body from foreign microbes.

Immu 1 Answer – 20 Engulf pathogens Produce antibodies Mark invaders for destruction Remember antigens from past exposure, which speeds up antibody production with a second exposure

Immu 1 - 30 A function of white blood cells is to Transport oxygen to body cells Produce hormones that regulate cell communication Cary glucose to body cells Protect the body against pathogens

Immu 1 Answer – 30 4. Protect the body against pathogens

Immu 1 - 40 In some people, substances such as peanuts, eggs, and milk cause an immune response. This response to usually harmless substances is most similar to Action of the heart as the intensity of exercise increases Mechanism that regulates the activity of guard cells Action of white blood cells when certain bacteria enter the body Mechanism that maintains the proper level of antibiotics in the blood

Immu 1 Answer – 40 Action of white blood cells when certain bacteria enter the body

Immu 1 - 50 State one specific way white blood cells help to protect the human body from pathogens.

Immu 1 Answer – 50 By engulfing invaders By producing antibodies By marking invaders for killing

Immu 2 - 10 The diagram below represents an event that occurs in the blood Which event best describes this event? Cell A is a white blood cell releasing antigens to destroy bacteria Cell A is a cancer cell produced by the immune system and it is helping to prevent disease Cell A is a white blood cell engulfing disease-causing organism Cell A is protecting bacteria so they can reproduce without being destroyed by predators Cell A

Immu 2 Answer – 10 3. Cell A is a white blood cell engulfing disease-causing organism

Immu 2 - 20 Bacteria and dead cells are removed from circulatory fluid in the Urinary bladder Gallbladder Alveoli Lymph nodes

Immu 2 Answer – 20 4. Lymph nodes

Immu 2 - 30 The diagram below shows a cell in the human body engulfing a bacterial cell The cell labeled X is most likely a Red blood cell White blood cell Liver cell Nerve cell X

Immu 2 Answer – 30 2. White blood cell

Immu 2 - 40 Some human white blood cells help destroy pathogenic bacteria by Causing mutations in the bacteria Engulfing and digesting the bacteria Producing toxins that compete with bacterial toxins Inserting part of their DNA into the bacterial cells

Immu 2 Answer – 40 2. Engulfing and digesting the bacteria

Immu 2 - 50 The immune system of humans may respond to chemicals on the surface of an invading organism by Releasing hormones that break down these chemicals Synthesizing antibodies that mark these organisms to be destroyed Secreting antibiotics that attach to these organisms Altering a DNA sequence in these organisms

Immu 2 Answer – 50 Synthesizing antibodies that mark these organisms to be destroyed

Immu 3 - 10 Which activity is not a response of human white blood cells to pathogens? Engulfing and destroying bacteria Producing antibodies Identifying invaders for destruction Removing carbon dioxide

Immu 3 Answer – 10 4. Removing carbon dioxide

Immu 3 - 20 A researcher needs information antigen-antibody reactions. Searching for which phrase would lead the researcher to information about these reactions? Protein synthesis Energy sources in nature White blood cell activity DNA replication

Immu 3 Answer – 20 3. White blood cell activity

Immu 3 - 30 Which function is associated with phagocytes in the blood? Initiating blood clots Transporting dissolved nutrients Producing hormones Engulfing bacteria

Immu 3 Answer – 30 4. Engulfing bacteria

Immu 3 - 40 What phase does not describe a way the human body responds to fight disease? Destruction of infectious agents by white blood cells Production of antibodies by white blood cells Increased production of white blood cells Production of pathogens by white blood cells

Immu 3 Answer – 40 4. Production of pathogens by white blood cells

Immu 3 - 50 Lymphocytes are blood cells that are most closely associated with Antibody production Oxygen transport Clot formation Carbon dioxide transport

Immu 3 Answer – 50 1. Antibody production

Immu 4 - 10 It is recommended that people at risk for serious flu complications be vaccinated so that their bodies will produce Antigens to fight the flu virus Antibodies against the flu virus Toxins to fight the infection caused by the flu virus Antibiotics to reduce symptoms caused by the flu virus

Immu 4 Answer – 10 2. Antibodies against the flu virus

Immu 4 - 20 Drugs to reduce the risk of rejection are given to organ transplant patients because the donated organ contains Foreign antigens Foreign antibodies DNA molecules Pathogenic microbe

Immu 4 Answer – 20 1. Foreign antigens

Immu 4 - 30 X The diagram below represent the human lymphatic system A major function of the structures labeled X is to Pump lymph in the proper direction Transport glucose throughout the body Filter bacteria and dead cells from the lymph Remove undigested food from the blood X

Immu 4 Answer – 30 3. Filter bacteria and dead cells from the lymph

Immu 4 - 40 When a new viral infection appears in a population, scientists usually try to develop a vaccine against the virus. Which substances would most likely be contained in the new vaccine? live bacteria that ingest viruses White blood cells from an infected individual Weakened viruses associated with the infection A variety of microbes that will attack the virus

Immu 4 – 40 3. Weakened viruses associated with the infection

Immu 4 - 50 The virus that causes AIDS is damaging to the body because it Targets cells that fight invading microbes Attacks specific red blood cells Causes an abnormally high insulin level Prevents the normal transmission of nerve impulses

Immu 4 Answer – 50 1. Targets cells that fight invading microbes

Immu 5 - 10 To replace burned skin, doctors can successfully transplant replacement skin taken from another part of the body of the burn victim. Which statement best explains why the transplanted skin is not rejected. The transplanted skin is damaged, making the immune system nonfunctional The antigens of the replacement skin are the same as those of the damaged skin Burn victims lose so much blood that white blood cells cannot cause an immune response There is no blood supply to the skin, so mixing of antigens does not occur

Answer 5 – 10 The antigens of the replacement skin are the same as those of the damaged skin

Immu 5 - 20 The virus that causes AIDS is damaging to the body because it Targets cells that fight invading microbes Attacks specific red blood cells Causes an abnormally high insulin level Prevents the normal transmission of nerve impulses

Immu 5 Answer – 20 Targets cells that fight invading microbes

Immu 5 - 30 In 1995, during the Ebolo virus outbreak, approximately 80% of the infected individuals died. Which statement is an inference that could be made based on this information? The individuals who survived were able to produce antibodies against the Eboli virus The individuals who survived were not exposed to the Eboli antigens Eighty percent of the population had a natural immunity to the Eboli virus. Eight percent of the population was infected with a viral antigen.

Immu 5 Answer – 30 The individuals who survived were able to produce antibodies against the Eboli virus

Immu 5 - 40 Which statement best describes how a vaccination can help protect the body against disease? Vaccines directly kill the pathogens that causes the disease Vaccines act as a medicine that cures the disease Vaccines cause the production of specific molecules that will react with and destroy certain microbes Vaccines contain white blood cells that engulf harmful germs and prevent the from spreading throughout the body

Answer 5 – 40 Vaccines cause the production of specific molecules that will react with and destroy certain microbes

Immu 5 - 50 Certain microbes, foreign tissues and some cancerous cells cause immune responses in the human body because all three contain Antigens Enzymes Fats Cytoplasm

Immu 5 Answer – 50 1. Antigens