copyright cmassengale DNA and Replication copyright cmassengale

DNA Structure and Function copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA DNA is a complex molecule. It is found in all living things BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic. copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Double Helix Nitrogenous Base (A,T,G or C) “Rungs of ladder” “Legs of ladder” Phosphate & Sugar Backbone copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA DNA is a Nucleic Acid so it is made up of nucleotides (monomers) Look at the picture to the left of your notes – label the different points based on your notes from YESTERDAY. copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid Made up of subunits called nucleotides Nucleotide made of: 1. Phosphate group 2. 5-carbon sugar 3. Nitrogenous base copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Nucleotide O=P-O O Phosphate Group N Nitrogenous base (A, G, C, or T) O CH2 O C1 C4 C3 C2 5 Sugar (deoxyribose) copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA P O 1 2 3 4 5 P O 1 2 3 4 5 G C T A copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale Nitrogenous Bases Double ring PURINES Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Single ring PYRIMIDINES Thymine (T) Cytosine (C) A or G T or C copyright cmassengale

Two hydrogen bonds are required to bond Adenine & Thymine Three hydrogen bonds are required to bond Guanine & Cytosine copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Function Stores genetic information Carries the genetic code (instructions) for making proteins. DNA determines an organism’s genes by controlling the synthesis of proteins. EX: hair color, eye color, height. copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Function Proteins Traits Hereditary information is passed on to offspring. Blueprint for LIFE. copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Replication copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale Replication Facts DNA has to be copied before a cell divides New cells will need identical DNA strands copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Replication Video https://www.yourgenome.org/video/dna-replication Click on the link above to watch the video introducing DNA Replication Turn on closed captioning and use headphones to listen. Fill in the blanks and stop where you see a stop sign to make sure all blanks above are filled in. copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Replication Enzyme helicase unwinds and unzips DNA by breaking weak Hydrogen bonds “Replication Fork” forms Replication Fork Parental DNA Molecule 3’ 5’ copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale DNA Replication An enzyme (polymerase) adds free-floating nucleotides (base pairs) . The enzyme (ligase) joins the nucleotides together . GLUE – matching up. copyright cmassengale

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Direction of Replication DNA Replication Two new genetically identical DNA molecules are formed. 1/2 – New 1/2 – from Original RNA Primer DNA Polymerase Nucleotide 5’ 3’ Direction of Replication copyright cmassengale

Synthesis of the New DNA Strands Two NEW genetically identical DNA molecules formed/synthesized. copyright cmassengale

Synthesis of the New DNA Strands http://nanospace.molecularium.com/attractions/replication_rush/ Test Your Skills – match the base pairs to replicate the DNA! copyright cmassengale

copyright cmassengale Check your work with Ms. Harris – this is your grade for today! copyright cmassengale