Directional Driver Hazard Advisory System ECE 445 Team 24 Ben Moore and Vasil Pendavinji TA: Yuchen He

Introduction – Our Project A simple tool for improving driver awareness on the road Sending and receiving messages via a focused IR beam Propagating messages triggered by IMU readings, or user input Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Introduction – Use Case Speaker – Bill = Add Another Tool for Driver Awareness on the Road = Communicating Hazards between Vehicles on the Road = Propagating Messages with User Input and Acceleration Data = Directionally Communicate Hazards via IR Notes General Description of our Project, more in depth description during the Objective slide

Achieve long range directional IR communication at least 100ft Objectives Achieve long range directional IR communication at least 100ft Maintain a packet loss rate of less than 47% at 100ft Notify user of hazard within 250ms Detect severe acceleration and respond by sending message Speaker – Bill = TBD Notes Talk about components that satisfy objectives

Design – Block Diagram Speaker – Ben = We split our design into 5 logical blocks, most with further sub components. Which are… = Communication (IR Transmitter and IR Receiver) = Input (IMU and Buttons) = Output (LCD Display and Speaker) = Microcontroller = Power (12V Source and Voltage Regulator) Notes We should probably talk about each component a little for what it does. (Ex. Microcontroller, what everything else connects to) Should check what type of Voltage Regulator

Design – Hardware Prototype (Schematic) Speaker –Bill = TBD Notes Should quickly point out some components, but move onto the picture of the breadboard prototype

Design – Hardware Prototype (Schematic) Speaker –Bill = TBD Notes Should quickly point out some components, but move onto the picture of the breadboard prototype

Design – Hardware Prototype (Schematic) Speaker –Bill = TBD Notes Should quickly point out some components, but move onto the picture of the breadboard prototype

Design – Microcontroller Atmega 1284 - can be used with Arduino core for ease of development 128K Flash 16K SRAM 20 MIPS 8Mhz clock Ample performance and low power draw Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

Vishay Semiconductor IR Receiver Advertised 45° field of view Design – IR Receiver Vishay Semiconductor IR Receiver Advertised 45° field of view 38Khz carrier frequency Anti-noise characteristics Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

Design – IR Transmitter Plano-convex lens used to focus IR light Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

Design – IR Communication Protocol Transmitter uses timer to modulate signal for Pulse Width Encoding of Data Protocol uses timings from Sony IR protocol with 38khz carrier frequency Messages are spammed for 3 seconds Only the first message is displayed, the rest are discarded Parity Bits for Bit Flip Errors Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

0111 1100 000011 10 Design – Data Packets Sample Packet: 0111 1100 000011 10 Sample Packet: Transmit Times: Header - 2.4 ms 1 Bit - 1.8 ms 0 Bit - 1.2 ms Worst Case Packet Transmission Time = 31.2 ms 1000 Packet Send Test = 32.338 s / 1000 = 32.338 ms per msg on average Message ID Hops to Live Data Parity Bits

IMU – used 1 of the 6 available degrees of freedom Design – Input / Output IMU – used 1 of the 6 available degrees of freedom Buttons for manual entry Speaker – Large Piezo 3 kHz Alarm LCD Display – Nokia 5110 Graphic LCD for displaying messages to the passenger Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

Design – Input / Output Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes Overview of IR Packets, Protocol, etc.

Design – Hardware Prototype (Breadboard) Speaker – Bill = TBD Notes Picture of Breadboard Prototype with most components outlined to be pointed out

Design – Hardware Prototype (Board Design) Speaker – Bill = TBD Notes Similarly to circuit schematic, should quickly point out some components, but move onto the picture of the finished board

Design – Hardware Prototype (Finished Board) IR LED LCD IMU IR Receivers Microcontroller Speaker Speaker – Bill = TBD Notes Picture of Finished board w/ main components outlined User Input Buttons

Design – Hardware Prototype (Lens/Transmitter) Speaker – Bill = TBD Notes Picture of Lens/Transmitter, also diagram of lens distance

Testing – IR Range Test (1) Receiver ~8ft 100ft Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes - TBD Transmitter Setup Diagram Real World Setup IR Signal Cone

Testing – IR Range Test (2) Receiver ~4ft 125ft Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes TBD Transmitter Setup Diagram Real World Setup IR Signal Cone

Design – Software (IMU Hazard Detection) Determine if the Driver in front of you is braking too quickly Dangerous Deceleration Threshold = 0.8G or 7.98 m/s^2 Sampling the IMU 100 HZ Time Moving Average of the last 10 samples provides smoothing of noisy data Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes IMU Algorithm

Testing - IMU Hazard Detection (>0.6G) Accelerating Car Stopped Car Stopped Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes - TBD > 5.88 m/s^2 *Real Implementation = ~0.8G

Testing - IMU Hazard Detection (<0.6G) Accelerating Car Stopped Car Stopped Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes - TBD < 5.88 m/s^2 *Real Implementation = ~0.8G

Messages cannot be spammed Safety Designed to be used only by the passenger (a warning message is displayed on startup) Messages cannot be spammed Error checking makes false positives unlikely Redundancy in transmission to avoid false negatives Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes IMU Algorithm

Conclusion - Finished Prototype Successfully met objectives: Achieve long range directional IR communication at least 100ft Maintain a packet loss rate of less than 47% at 100ft Detect severe deceleration and respond by sending message Notify user of hazard within 250ms Still room for expansion Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes IMU Algorithm

Testing with Vehicles (Logistically Difficult) Future Work Testing with Vehicles (Logistically Difficult) Improve Overall IR Range and Versatility (Curved Roads / Weather Conditions / etc. ) Add More Information to messages / Incorporate other sensors Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes IMU Algorithm

Questions? Thanks to: Staff of ECE445 TAs of ECE445 Yuchen He Speaker – Ben / Bill = TBD Notes IMU Algorithm