SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM TRO DR. K.C.SWAIN PROF. & HEAD DEPT. OF PHARMACOLOGY

SYMPATHOMIMETIC [ADRENERGIC AGONIST] AGENTS/DRUGS. These drugs or agents when administered produce the effects which are mimic or similar to the effects produced as a result of activation of sympathetic nervous system.

Most of these agents posses either an intact or partially substituted amino { NH2} groups in their chemical structures for which they are often called as sympathomimetic amines.

MIXED ACTING {DIRECT+ INDIRECT} CLASSIFICATION OF {ADRENERGIC AGONIST } SYMPATHOMIMETIC agents according to mechanism of action. NO. I DIRECTLY ACTING CATECHOLAMINES NONCATECHOLAMINES INDIRECTLY ACTING MIXED ACTING {DIRECT+ INDIRECT} AMPHETAMINE TYRAMINE dihydroxybenzene agents having “OH” [HYDROXYL} GROUPS AT ADJACENT{ BOTH} 3RD & 4TH POSITIONS OF BENZENE RING . which do not posses “OH” GROUP AT BOTH ADJACENT POSITION OF BENZENE RING BUT ONLY AT ONE POSITION EITHER 3RD OR 4TH OR 5TH. EPHEDRINE METARAMINOL DOPAMINE MEPHENTERMINE ENDOGENEOUS SYNTHETIC ADRENALINE NOR-ADRENALINE DOPAMINE DOBUTAMINE ISOPRENALINE ETHYLNORADRENALINE PRENALTEROL ISOETHARINE

CLASSIFICATION OF NON-CATECHOLAMINES. SELECTIVE α 1 AGONIST. SELECTIVE α2 AGONIST SELECTIVE β2 AGONIST NASAL DECONGESTANT NASAL DROPS : 1.XYLOMETAZOLINE-.05-1% 2.TETRAHYDOZOLINE- .05-1%. 3.OXYMETAZOLINE-.05-1%. 4.NAPHAZOLINE { NOT TO BE USED. PRIVINE.} 5.PHENYLEPHRINE 6.TUAMINOHEPTANE SULPHATE . 7.PROPYLHEXEDRINE NASAL INHALER{ 250 mg} ORAL ROUTE : 8.PSEUDOEPHEDRINE. 9.PHENYLEPHRINE 10.PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE. 1.SALBUTAMOL 2.TERBUTALINE 3.METAPROTERENOL 4.RITODRINE 5.FENOTEROL 6.QUINATERANOL 7.FORMOTEROL{ t1/2=12hrs.RAPID ACTION } 8.SALMETEROL{t½=12hrs. Slow action} 9.ARFORMOTEROL{R,R isomer of formoterol & twice more potent than formoterol ,long acting, given by nebulization] 10.BITOLTEROL 1.METHOXAMINE 2.PHENYLEPHRINE 3.MEPHENTERMINE 4.METARAMINOL 5.MIDODPINE 1.METHYLDOPA 2.CLONIDINE 3.APRACLONIDINE 4.GUANABENZ 5.TIZANIDINE{MUSCLE RELAXANT} 6.BRIMONIDINE { DECREASES I.O.P. }

Classification of sympathomimetc agents on the basis of therapeutics(I). CARDIAC INOTROPICS 1.DOBUTAMINE 2.DOPAMINE. 3.ADRENALINE. 4.ISOPRENALINE. BRONCHODILATORS : 1.ADRENALINE 2.ISOPRENALINE 3.EPHEDRINE 4.SELECTIVE β2—.AGONISTS. LOCAL VASOCONSTRICTORS : 1.ADRENALINE 2.PHENYLEPHRINE VASOPRESSOR AGENTS : 1.NOR-ADRENALINE 2.PHENYLEPHRINE 3.METARAMINOL 4.MEPHENTERMINE 5.METHOXAMINE 6.METHOXYPHENA MINE.

ANTIANAPHYLACTIC/ANTI ALLERGIC Classification of sympathomimetic agents on the BASIS OF Therapeutics [ II] UTERINE RELAXANTS C.N.S. STIMULANTS ANOREXIANTS. NASAL DECONGESTANTS AGENTS. ANTIANAPHYLACTIC/ANTI ALLERGIC Adrenaline Ephedrine Ritodrine Salbutamol Isoxsuprine Fenfluramine Dextroamphetamine Phentermine sibutramine Amphetamine Ephedrine IN - I

ROLE OF PRESYNAPTIC ALPHA-2 & BETA -2 ON HOMOTROPIC & HETROTROPIC RECEPTORS