Refugee Response A Case Study of Uganda Patrick Munduga ANCHOR #MigrationAfrica2017

Talking Points Legal Frameworks Situation Camp Administration and Management Key Issues Interventions: Emergency Phase Gaps What Worked Recommendations Towards Self Reliance

Legal Frameworks Lauded as most progressive refugee policy in the world Open door  to all asylum Relative freedom of movement Provides asylum for refugees of certain  nationalities; and Gives land to each refugee family for their own exclusive use. Does not grant citizenship Principles and Freedoms (2006 Act, 2010 Regulations) Property ownership employment Economic, social, and cultural benefits Fairness, justice, and non discrimination, etc Progressive policy: Door open to all asylum seekers irrespective of nationality or ethnic affiliation, Grants refugees relative freedom of movement; administrative permits to leave and return to their designated settlements, and the right to seek employment; Provides prima facie asylum for refugees of certain nationalities; and Gives a piece of land to each refugee family for their own exclusive (agricultural) use. No permanent solution of citizenship for refugees who can neither repatriate nor be resettled elsewhere Principles and Freedoms the right to own and dispose of movable property and to lease or sublease immoveable property; the right to engage in agriculture, industry, and business; practice ones  profession; and access formal and informal employment opportunities; the right to economic, social, and cultural benefits, including access to elementary education, protection of intellectual property rights; entitlement to receive fair and just treatment, without discrimination, etc

Situation Receptive refugee climate 1.6 million refugees as at mid May (80% RSS) Main origins include: RSS, DRC, Burundi, Somalia Majority women and children Receptive refugee climate 1.6 million refugees as at mid May (80% RSS) – highest refugee population in the world Main origins include: RSS, DRC, Burundi, Somalia Bidi Bidi largest camp in the world with approx 400,000 refugees Majority women and children

Situation Cont’d Refugee Response Plan figures for 2017 RSS outflows Ethiopia – 366,000 Sudan – 330,000 Kenya – 108,000 DRC – 105,000 CAR – 10,500

Camp Administration and Management Structure: OPM, Region, Settlement, Zone, Village Zone structure: Chair, Welfare, Security, Women, WUC, Food monitoring, VHTs Reception: Manual, Attestation cards, REMIS Tracing and Reunification (OPM, Red Cross) Sectors: Health, Food, Environment, Protection, Education Implementing partners: Operational (Unfunded), or Cooperating (Self-funded) Coordination: Interagency and sectoral

Key Issues Education Widows and orphans Unaccompanied children Psychosocial care Health centers poorly equipped Conflicts with host community Arid land Urban refugees (crime, support) Deforestation Water scarcity Lack of land Food scarcity SGBV Prostitution and HIV/AIDS Ethnic tensions Key Issues

Interventions: Emergency Phase 100% food rations (WFP) 30m x30m land per household for shelter + kitchen garden (OPM) Water (few boreholes, water tanks) Schools (make shift classrooms) Health centers Training for women (gardening, tailoring, cottage - crafts, soap, etc.) Training for men – construction, carpentry, agric (ADRA, CARITAS) OPM: Legal, Child Protection, SGBV, General Protection, Community Services (e.g. dialogues)

Gaps Shelters for schools Lack of effective participation by host sub county in dispute resolution No means of communication between refugees and families left behind Lack of water for irrigation and domestic use Lack of money economy and business capital Girls: sanitary facilities, clothing

What worked? Safe reporting sites set up by host country Frequency of reception centers Mixed vouchers

Recommendations Churches – conflict resolution, reconciliation, behavior change (substance abuse and violence), trauma healing Distribution of Energy-efficient stoves and solar lamps Enhance participation of host local government in dispute resolution Logistics, training, interaction, culture, sensitization Environmentally sustainable construction materials Improve quality of maternal health care and health referral system Address school girl attrition rates (Sanitary facilities and materials) Irrigation schemes to adapt to low and unreliable rainfall patterns Improve security of food distribution to curb pilferage Reforestation

Recommendations cont’d Peace mediation Long term stabilization missions AU-led stabilization operations

Towards Self Reliance Why? How? ReHope $350 million over 5 years Improves return rate Peaceful co-existence with host community Boosts host economy Refugee skills form backbone of nascent return economy How? ReHope $350 million over 5 years Sustainable livelihoods Integrated and Sustainable Social Service Delivery Community and system resilience Protection including emergency response Preparing refugees for solutions for home return Sustainable livelihoods based on: • modernized agricultural practices and improved market linkages • market-driven technical skills and small-scale enterprise. Integrated and Sustainable Social Service Delivery with District Local Government systems focused particularly on the health and education sectors. Community and system resilience based on dialogue and peaceful co-existence. Protection including emergency response Preserve equal and unhindered access to territory and protection space and promote the full enjoyment of rights, while maintaining the civilian character of asylum Preparing refugees for solutions, such as building knowledge, skills, and capacities for refugees when they return home