Resident Fish Substitution Guidelines (per the NPCC Fish and Wildlife Program) Use Native Species Wherever Feasible Even in degraded or altered environments, native species provide the best starting point in most cases.

Resident Fish Substitution Guidelines (per the NPCC Fish and Wildlife Program) Where habitat is irreversibly altered or blocked, and there are no opportunities to rebuild the target population Objective is to provide a substitute. Substitution includes an alternative source of harvest (such as a hatchery stock) or a substitution of a resident fish species as a replacement for an anadromous species.

Resident Fish Substitution Policy (guidelines per the NPCC Fish and Wildlife Program) Where anadromous fish have been extirpated: Restore native resident fish where habitat conditions exist and where habitats can be feasibly restored.

Resident Fish Substitution Policy (guidelines per the NPCC Fish and Wildlife Program) Where native habitats are not available: Manage non-native species or non-native stocks to maximize available habitats to provide a subsistence and recreational resource. Manage non-native species in a way that maximizes available habitat conditions and minimizes negative impacts to native species.

Protecting Existing Native Fish Species Stock sterile fish Fish certified disease-free Fish screens/barriers Education programs

Resident Fish Substitution Projects: M&E M&E programs a product of ISRP reviews Implementation of M&E programs limited due to BPA funding decisions

Cost/Benefit Comparison Goal of the Resident Fish Substitution Program: Replacement for lost anadromous fish returns (>2 million per year in the Upper Columbia) that provided harvest opportunities

Cost/Benefit Comparison Cultural/subsistence benefits: cannot assign a monetary value Lake Roosevelt fishery - economic value: $1.3 M (2005)