TOPIC: Solutions and Solubility Do Now: check out test grades

Classification of Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Homogeneous Heterogeneous Elements Compounds VIDEO

Mixtures – can be separated by physical means Heterogeneous Mixture: See visibly different regions Particles random Settles upon standing Scatters light (it doesn’t shine through) Homogenous Mixture (aka SOLUTION): particles too small to see Particles evenly distributed Particles do not settle -translucent (light shines through)

CuSO4(aq)

Not everything dissolves in water Water is often used as a solvent Not everything dissolves in water Soluble = dissolves in water = aq Insoluble = doesn’t dissolve in water Miscible = 2 liquids that dissolve Immiscible = 2 liquids that don’t dissolve

How can you tell….?!!!?? Like Dissolve Like Water is polar, so most polar compounds will dissolve in water Things that dissolve in water Soluble ionic compounds – use Table F Acids - start with H except H2O H2O2 ex HCl Bases - metal + OH and NH3 ex. NaOH Polar covalent molecules Remember polar = asymmetrical = poles nonpolar = symmetrical = no poles

Determining if an ionic compound is soluble (aq) or NOT LOOK AT TABLE F LiOH Cu(NO3)2 AgCl2 MgS NaS2 KOH aq Insoluble = s

Solubility = the max amount of solute that can be dissolved in a solvent Many solids and gases dissolve in water As you increase the temperature, you can dissolve more solid Does this work the same with gas? NOT the same for gases – as you increase temp, gas molecules KE To get gases dissolve, decrease temperature and increase pressure

Summary: Factors Affecting Solubility Nature of the solvent and the solute: LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE Temperature Pressure (for systems with gases)

Can you guess which of these compounds are gases?! How do you know?! Solubility curves show the relationship between solubility and temperature. Can you guess which of these compounds are gases?! How do you know?!