Fig. 1 Optical metallography of as-cast etched Mg-X alloys.

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Fig. 1 Optical metallography of as-cast etched Mg-X alloys. (a) Mg5Gd (b) Mg0.3Ca (c) Mg6Al (d) Mg1Mn (e) Mg5Sn (f) Mg0.1Sr (g) Mg0.6Nd (h) Mg0.7La (i) Mg0.9Ce (j) Mg0.1Zr (k) Mg0.3Si Fig. 1 Optical metallography of as-cast etched Mg-X alloys. 9/13/2018

(a) Mg5Gd (b) Mg0.3Ca (c) Mg6Al (d) Mg1Mn (e) Mg5Sn (f) Mg0.1Sr (g) Mg0.6Nd (h) Mg0.7La (i) Mg0.9Ce (j) Mg0.1Zr (k) Mg0.3Si Fig. 2 Typical surface appearance of as-cast etched Mg-X alloys as revealed by SEM. 9/13/2018

Fig. 3 Optical metallography of hot-rolled etched Mg-X alloys. (a) Mg5Gd (b) Mg0.3Ca (c) Mg6Al (d) Mg1Mn (e) Mg5Sn (f) Mg0.1Sr (g) Mg0.6Nd (h) Mg0.7La (i) Mg0.9Ce (j) Mg0.1Zr (k) Mg0.3Si Fig. 3 Optical metallography of hot-rolled etched Mg-X alloys. 9/13/2018

(a) Mg5Gd (b) Mg0.3Ca (c) Mg6Al (d) Mg1Mn (e) Mg5Sn (f) Mg0.1Sr (g) Mg0.6Nd (h) Mg0.7La (i) Mg0.9Ce (j) Mg0.1Zr (k) Mg0.3Si Fig. 4 Typical surface appearance of hot-rolled etched Mg-X as revealed by SEM. 9/13/2018

Fig. 5a Hydrogen evolution volume during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1 ℃ for hot-rolled Mg5Gd, Mg0.3Ca, Mg6Al, Mg1Mn, Mg5Sn and Mg0.1Sr alloys. 9/13/2018

Fig. 5b Hydrogen evolution volume during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1 ℃ for hot-rolled Mg0.6Nd, Mg0.7La, Mg0.9Ce, Mg0.1Zr and Mg0.3Si alloys. 9/13/2018

Fig. 6a Corrosion rate PH during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1℃ for hot-rolled Mg5Gd, Mg0.3Ca, Mg6Al, Mg1Mn, Mg5Sn and Mg0.1Sr alloys. 9/13/2018

Fig. 6b Corrosion rate PH during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1℃ for hot-rolled Mg0.6Nd, Mg0.7La, Mg0.9Ce, Mg0.1Zr and Mg0.3Si alloys. 9/13/2018

Fig. 7 Comparison of the average corrosion rates evaluated from hydrogen evolution and weight loss during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1℃ for hot-rolled Mg-X alloys. 9/13/2018

Fig. 8 Comparison of the corrosion rate evaluated from weight loss during immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days at 24 ± 1℃ for as-cast, hot-rolled and solution-heat-treated Mg-X alloys: Mg5Gd, Mg0.3Ca, Mg6Al, Mg1Mn, Mg5Sn, Mg0.1Sr, Mg0.6Nd, Mg0.7La, Mg0.9Ce, Mg0.1Zr and Mg0.3Si. 9/13/2018

Current Density (A cm-2) Potential, E, (V, Ag/AgCl/Sat.KCl) Fig. 9a Cathodic polarisation curves measured after 24 hours immersion in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 at the open circuit potential (OCP) at 24 ± 1 ℃ for hot-rolled Mg5Gd, Mg0.3Ca, Mg6Al, Mg1Mn, Mg5Sn and Mg0.1Sr alloys. 9/13/2018

Current Density (A cm-2) Potential, E, (V, Ag/AgCl/Sat.KCl) Fig. 9b Cathodic polarisation measured after 24 hours immersion in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 at the open circuit potential (OCP) at 24 ± 1 ℃ for hot-rolled Mg0.6Nd, Mg0.7La, Mg0.9Ce, Mg0.1Zr and Mg0.3Si alloys. 9/13/2018

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) 9/13/2018

(k) Fig. 10 Typical overview surface appearance after immersion testing at the open circuit potential (OCP) in the 3.5% NaCl solution saturated with Mg(OH)2 for 7 days for Mg-X alloys: (a) Mg5Gd, (b) Mg0.3Ca, (c) Mg6Al, (d) Mg1Mn, (e) Mg5Sn, (f) Mg0.1Sr, (g) Mg0.6Nd, (h) Mg0.7La, (i) Mg0.9Ce, (j)Mg0.1Zr and (k)Mg0.3Si. Typical views are presented for each Mg alloy in the following conditions: as-cast (the first image), hot-rolled (the second image), and solution-heat-treated (the third image). 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 11 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg5Gd (a) optical image (OP); (b) back scattered electron (BSE) image, (c) secondary electron (SE) image. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 12 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.3Ca: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 13 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg6Al: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 14 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg1Mn: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) Fig. 15 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg5Sn: (a) OP; (b) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 16 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.1Sr: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 17 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.6Nd: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 18 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.7La: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 19 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.9Ce: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 20 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.1Zr: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018

2mm (a) (b) (c) Fig. 21 Surface appearance after the immersion test for hot-rolled Mg0.3Si: (a) OP; (b) SE; (c) SE. 9/13/2018