What is a Revolution? What revolutions have we studied in Global History? How was the American Revolution different than the other revolutions we’ve studied?

Revolution Why should we ALWAYS associate revolutions with turning points? THEY MEAN THE SAME THING! For our purposes, revolutions are turning points in history. They are times in history when major changes occur.

Palace of Versailles, France… Built by Louis the 14th… 1. How did Louis the XIV support his lifestyle? 2. What revolution cause is illustrated here?

Cause 1: Absolute Monarchy Notes: Louis XIV, built the Palace of Versailles using tax money collected from the middle and lower classes (3rd estate). He also spent a lot of money on his wars in Europe…

Still Cause 1 :Louis XVI - Not Louis XIV Lived a lavish lifestyle Not an effective ruler Letting peasants starve Spent money recklessly Not in touch with the commoner

What term does this triangle represent What term does this triangle represent? Which group might be most dissatisfied with this scenario and why?

Cause 2) Social Inequality - French society was divided into 3 Estates: a. 1st Estate: Clergy (Church) b. 2nd Estate: Nobles c. 3rd Estate: Everyone else! (98% of the population)

1st and 2nd Estate Notes: 1st ESTATE ● Had almost complete authority over peasants. ● Did not have to do military service. ● Did not pay most taxes. ● Collected tolls from people using roads and markets. ● Lived in great luxury in chateaux and palaces. 2nd ESTATE

3rd Estate: Everyone else! (98% of the population) Notes: 3rd Estate: Everyone else! (98% of the population) Made up of the BOURGEOISIE (8%) and peasants (90%). Bourgeoisie were the educated tradespeople like… doctors, lawyers, teachers, carpenters, blacksmiths… 3rd Estate ● Forced to do military service. ● Could not hunt or fish on nobles’ estates. ● Paid taxes to their lord, the king, AND the Church. ● Had to use the lord’s mill, oven and winepress, and PAY for this use.

Economic injustice CAUSE 3 : ____________________ Using the graph, hypothesize what the 3rd cause of the revolution might have been. USE EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT YOUR ANSWER

3) Economic Injustices Notes: a. Government deficit spending - spending more than it earns b. Tax burden on the Third Estate - they paid ALL the taxes! c. Bad harvests caused food prices to rise i. Peasants didn’t have enough to eat - rioted demanding bread!

Using the two documents below, infer the 4th cause of the revolution “Man is born free. No man has any natural authority over others; force does not give anyone that right. The power to make laws belongs to the people and only to the people.” -Jean Jacques Rousseau

Cause 4: Enlightenment Notes: a. Enlightenment ideas led many to question authority and the traditional hierarchy (Church, King, nobles)

Cause 5: English and American Examples Using these two documents, infer the 5th cause (influence) on the French Revolution.

5) English and American Examples a. England’s Glorious Revolution provided an example of how existing authority could be challenged. b. Inspired by the Americans success in their revolution