AIM: What are some other organic molecules? Lipids/fats and Proteins

What are lipids used for in our bodies? Major component of cell membranes Important energy source

What are lipids made up of. They are polymers. (LARGE MOLECULE What are lipids made up of? They are polymers! (LARGE MOLECULE!) They have a lot of bonds….which means they have a lot of energy!

Fats can be Saturated or Unsaturated Solid fat Leads to cholesterol Butter, lard, animal fat!!! Liquid at room temp Olive oil, canola oil

Saturated Fats Diets rich in saturated fats can lead to the build up of plaques in blood vessels.

What is another category of organic molecules? Proteins

Proteins have many functions: Proteins are enzymes, found in cell membrane, make up antibodies, hormones and muscles.

What are proteins made up of? Proteins are made up of polymers or chains of amino acids.

How do we build proteins? To make a protein, we must join the building blocks together! Amino acids are the building blocks! How do we join amino acids together? Dehydration Synthesis

What are Polypeptides? Polypeptides are long chains of MANY amino acids Proteins are long chains of one or more polypeptides!

How many amino acids are there? There are only 20 amino acids, but there are millions of different types of proteins. How can there be so many proteins yet only 20 building blocks? THINK OF THE ALPHABET! There are ONLY 26 LETTERS IN THE alphabet, yet millions of words…….   What determines the word?_________________________

Protein Shape: The sequence (order) of amino acids in a protein determine its shape 2) The shape of a protein determines its activity or job!

What does Denaturation mean? An unfavorable change in temperature, pH can cause a protein to unravel and lose its normal shape! NO SHAPE=NO FUNCTION! Denatured proteins do not function properly!

Why are proteins organic? contain carbon and hydrogen Examples: enzymes hormones hemoglobin

What is another group of organic compounds? Nucleic Acids

DNA & RNA are Two Kinds of Nucleic Acids The building block of nucleic acids are: Nucleotides

What is a nucleotide made of?

What is DNA responsible for? Our characteristics or traits

Nucleic Acids Nucleotides DNA or RNA Phosphate Sugar Base

What are the 4 Organic Molecules: Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic Acids Proteins