CPR/ First Aid *Foundation Standard 10: Technical Skills Apply technical skills required for all career specialties and demonstrate skills and knowledge as appropriate 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid.

CDC Statistics on Causes of Death 2015 Leading Cause of Death- Heart disease: 614,348 Accidents 4th leading cause of death in the U.S. 136,053 Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases) 5th leading cause of death- 133,103 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Good Samaritan Law Protects someone who provides aid to an injured person in an emergency. 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Goal Do no harm Provide care that minimizes the effects of the injury/illness Using these skills can make the difference between life and death. 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Adult Out of Hospital Chain Of Survival Recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with an emphasis on chest compressions Rapid defibrillation Basic and advanced emergency medical services  Advanced life support and post-cardiac arrest care 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Pediatric Chain of Survival Prevention of injuries and cardiac arrest. Early CPR. Early access to EMS systems prepared for the child’s needs. Early and effective pediatric advanced life support. 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures CHECK- SCENE- size up the scene- “Is it safe?” # victims Helpers Victim- “ARE YOU OK?”- checking for unresponsiveness CALL- call 911(emergency response system), summon advanced medical personnel CARE 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures Heart Attack/Cardiac Arrest Foreign Body Obstruction Choking Anaphylaxis Poisoning Shock Uncontrolled bleeding 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Coronary Heart Disease Angina Pectoris Myocardial Infarction Chest Pain- retrosternal “Feels like someone is setting on my chest” Shortness of breath Sweating Nauseous Radiating pain Chest Pain- retrosternal “Feels like someone is setting on my chest” Shortness of breath Sweating Nauseous Radiating pain Pain goes away when resting Treatment Call 911 (Emergency Response System) Keep them calm! NCHSE1.21 Describe common diseases and disorders of each body system (such as: heart disease) a. Etiology b. Pathology c. Diagnosis d. Treatment e. Prevention;

Myocardial Infarction “DEATH OF A PORTION OF THE HEART MUSCLE”, HEART ATTACK, SYMPTOMS CHEST PAIN-RETROSTERNAL PAIN MAY RADIATE SHOULDER, NECK , ARMS, BACK, & JAW NAUSEA, “ACID INGESTION” SHORTNESS OF BREATH DOESN’T GO AWAY “I’M NOT HAVING A HEART ATTACK” NCHSE1.21 Describe common diseases and disorders of each body system (such as: heart disease) a. Etiology b. Pathology c. Diagnosis d. Treatment e. Prevention;

Unresponsive Care A- Airway Head tilt, chin lift B- Check for breathing Look, listen, and feel C- Check for circulation Carotid artery No longer than 10 seconds 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Cardiac Arrest No pulse Heart stops = DEAD CPR- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (revive heart and lungs) Breath - O2 into the blood Compressions- “ squash” the heart against the backbone to circulate the blood 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

CPR C COMPRESSIONS 30 compressions Compressions- 2” deep Rate- at least 100 compressions per minute 30:2 A Airway- head tilt, chin lift B Breaths- 2 breaths- just enough to make the chest rise 5 cycles of 30: 2, check pulse 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

AED (Automatic External Defibrillator) Ventricular fibrillation Stops the heart from fibrillating, so normal pattern resumes 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Defibrillation Preliminaries Avoid wet areas Take off clothing with metal Place on bare skin Remove patches Sequence Power on Attach pads Plug pads into AED Stand clear Analyzing Electrical activity  shock No electrical activity continue CPR 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

CPR Similarities/Differences Adult Child Infant Age > 8 Years 1-8 Years <1 Year Weight >55 lb. <55 lb. Rate 100 CPM Ratio 30:2 Depth At least 2” 2” About 1 ½” Hands 2 Hands 1-2 Hands 2-3 Fingers 911 Immediately 2”Care First 2” Care First Rescue Breathing 1 every 5-6” 1 every 3-5” 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Foreign Body Obstruction (Choking) Conscious- Ask if assistance is needed Universal signs- Hands around neck, no coughing or sound Get consent to help Adults and children Abdominal thrusts Thumb side of fist just above the navel Other hand cover the fist Upward abdominal thrusts Infants Head down Five back blows  5 compressions 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Respiratory Arrest Unconscious ( 1 person) Steps of CPR 2 Breaths  Air doesn’t go in Re-tilt  Air doesn’t go in 30 chest comprehensions Look, sweep if something visible, Breath Repeat until air goes in 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures Anaphylaxis Keep victim calm Call 911 Epi-pen if available Poisoning Look for symptoms Burns or redness around the mouth and lips, Breath that smells like chemicals, Vomiting Difficulty breathing, Drowsiness, Altered mental status Call 1- (800) 222-1222 (Poison Control Center), take container to phone Give syrup of ipecac or activated charcoal if advised 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures Shock Lay the person down Elevate the person's feet unless injury is suspected Keep person warm and comfortable Uncontrolled bleeding Elevate if possible Cover with gauze Apply pressure Apply additional gauze, if necessary Wrap with bandage and tie over wound 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures Seizures Do nothing, remove all objects to keep scene safe Assess victim after seizure stops Burns Remove the heat, cool the burn, cover the burn Strokes Face Arms Speech Time 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid

Emergency Procedures Strains, sprains Rest Ice Compression Elevate 10.12 Obtain training or certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), automated external defibrillator (AED), foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) and first aid