The Civil War (1861-1865)

North vs. South in 1861 North South Advantages ? Disadvantages

Rating the North & the South Based on the chart who do you think has the advantage in the war North or South? Explain your answer!

Slave/Free States Population, 1861

Railroad Lines, 1860

Resources: North & the South

The Union & Confederacy in 1861 According to the map was Slavery allowed in the North in 1861?

Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

Immigrants as a % of a State’s Population in 1860

Strengths of North and South Northern Strengths Greater population More railroad tracks More manufacturing More money Strong navy Southern Strengths Defending homes Skilled Commanders United and motivated Fighting in familiar country

Weaknesses of North and South Northern Weaknesses Divided public opinion Fighting away from home. Inept commanders at first Southern Weaknesses Few supplies No army and navy No gov at first Few railroads Small population

The Leaders of the Confederacy Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator” The Confederate Seal MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

A Northern View of Jeff Davis

Strategies Southern Strategy Survive Northern Strategy “The Anaconda Plan” Divide and Conquer > Capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, VA > Strangle the Confederacy through the use of blockade > Advance down the Mississippi R. cut the Confederacy in half, and defeat its armies. Southern Strategy Survive > Strategic Defensive – The North had to invade and attack Southern resources and its military. > Protect critical weak points, conserve limited resources and simply hold out until the North gave up.

Overview of the North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan

The “Anaconda” Plan

George McClellan, Again! Lincoln’s Generals Winfield Scott Joseph Hooker Ulysses S. Grant Irwin McDowell George McClellan George Meade Ambrose Burnside George McClellan, Again!

The Confederate Generals Nathan Bedford Forrest “Stonewall” Jackson Nathan Bedford Forrest George Pickett Jeb Stuart James Longstreet Robert E. Lee

Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas) July, 1861 http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-first-bull-run/videos#first-battle-of-bull-run

The Monitor vs. the Merrimac The Battle of the Ironclads, The Monitor vs. the Merrimac Monitor vs. Merrimac- Map Page 520 The Monitor and Merrimac were ironclad warships (wooden ships covered with iron for protection). The Monitor was the Union ship and the Merrimac was the Confederate ship. This battle was fought on March 9, 1862 off the coast of Virginia The battle was a Union victory because the South was not able to break the North’s naval blockade.

Damage on the Deck of the Monitor

Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

War in the East: 1861-1862

Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War” September 17, 1862 24,000 casualties In 12 hours of fighting Battle of Antietam- Map Page 520 The Battle of Antietam was fought on September 17, 1862 at Sharpsburg, Maryland. The North won the Battle of Antietam and as a result England decides not to fight with the South. The Union victory at Antietam leads to Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation (January 1, 1863).

Emancipation in 1863

The Emancipation Proclamation

The Southern View of Emancipation

African-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54th Massachusetts

August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw

African-Americans in Civil War Battles

Black Troops Freeing Slaves

Extensive Legislation Passed Without the South in Congress 1862 – Homestead Act 1862 – Legal Tender Act 1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863) 1863 – Pacific Railway Act 1863 – National Bank Act

The War in the West, 1863: Vicksburg Battle of Vicksburg- Map Page 520 The Battle of Vicksburg was fought from April to July 1863 at Vicksburg, Mississippi. The North won the Battle of Vicksburg and gained control of the Mississippi River. This victory prevented the South from getting weapons, supplies and reinforcements to their soldiers.

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863 Battle of Gettysburg- Map Page 534 The Battle of Gettysburg was fought from July 1 to July 3 1863 at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Lee invades the North hoping for a big victory so that countries would send aid to the South and that the North would grow tired of fighting and surrender. The Battle of Gettysburg is the turning point of the war-(the North will win the war). Lincoln gives the Gettysburg Address.

Gettysburg Casualties

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

Recruiting Blacks in NYC

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

Inflation in the South

The Progress of War: 1861-1865

Sherman’s March to the Sea” William T. Sherman and his army marched from Atlanta eastward to Savannah from November to December 1864. The region from Atlanta to Savannah was the South’s industrial center Sherman’s Army burned or destroyed everything the South could use in war- factories, railroad lines, telegraph lines, farms/plantations and livestock- to bring a quick end to the war ( this is called “total war”). D. The South no longer has the ability to make weapons and supplies for war

1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

The Peace Movement: Copperheads Clement Vallandigham

1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads in 1864

Presidential Election Results: 1864

The Final Virginia Campaign: 1864-1865

Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

The Assassination

WANTED~~!!

Now He Belongs to the Ages!

The Execution