Force is part of an interaction

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Presentation transcript:

Force is part of an interaction Force is push or pull It is an interaction between one thing and another. Example; An apple exacts a force on someone’s palm (force of gravity). The person’s palm exacts an upward force of reaction. There are therefore two forces acting in an interaction.

Newton’s 3rd law of motion Whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object. One force is called Action Force The other is called Reaction Force Neither force exist without the other. Newton’s 3rd law can be summarized; To every action there is an equal opposite reaction.

Action = reaction Which of these two people is pulling with a bigger force?_______ Can the big guy pull more than the little guy could?_______

Pairs of Action and Reaction Event Pairs of objects in an interaction Action Reaction Moving car Car tires and the Road Tires push road backwards Road push tires forward Firing a rocket Rocket and Gas Falling boulder Earth and the Boulder Firing a cannon Cannon and cannon ball Hitting a nail with a hammer Nail and hammer Hammer on nail Nail on hammer

Action –reaction pairs do cause motion If action equal reaction, how can motion be caused by such pairs of forces?

Action and reaction Vs acceleration? How do equal forces (Action and reaction) produce unequal acceleration? Because force is applied on objects with unequal masses. The cannon has a large mass, than the cannon ball. The action force F is equal to reaction force F. Therefore; acceleration of cannon is smaller than that of the cannon ball.

Action and reaction Vs acceleration? Equal force, Unequal mass—Unequal acceleration

Elevator problem Dave stands on a bathroom scale in an elevator . What is Dave's mass if the scale reads 840 N while the elevator accelerates upward at 2.2 m/s2 Use the formula Net force = apparent weight – actual weight

answer Normal force = apparent weight Action = Reaction 840N up = 840N down apparent weight= Net force + actual weight 840 = ma + mg Ma +mg = 840N m (a +g) = 840N m (2.2 + 9.8) = 840N m (12) = 840 M = 840/12 = 70 kg Normal force (Action) Net Force (ma) Actual weight (mg) Apparent Weight (reaction)

class work and Homework Class work: Textbook page 84, # 19- 29