1) How many humans are alive today? 2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived? 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts? 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived? 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts? 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts? 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts?   18 trillion watts (18 terrawatts) 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts?   18 trillion watts (18 terrawatts) 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   9.9 million barrels per day 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)? 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts?   18 trillion watts (18 terrawatts) 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   9.9 million barrels per day 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   3.6 million barrels per day 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts?   18 trillion watts (18 terrawatts) 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   9.9 million barrels per day 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   3.6 million barrels per day 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   33% 7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?

1) How many humans are alive today 1) How many humans are alive today? 7,217,660,000 (today, US Census Bureau estimate)  2) What percentage is this of all humans who have ever lived?   7% 3) What is the rate of human energy consumption (all sources), in watts?   18 trillion watts (18 terrawatts) 4) In 2013, how much oil did the US import, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   9.9 million barrels per day 5) In 2013, how much oil did the US export, in million barrels per day (MMbbl/d)?   3.6 million barrels per day 6) In 2013, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported?   33% 7) In 2010, what net percentage of petroleum consumed in the US was imported? 60%

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)? 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year? 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)? 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year? 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 400 parts per million  10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)? 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year? 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 400 parts per million  10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)?   175-280 parts per million 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year? 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 400 parts per million  10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)?   175-280 parts per million 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year?   4.5 tons per year 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 400 parts per million  10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)?   175-280 parts per million 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year?   4.5 tons per year 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle?

8) What is the current rate of carbon dioxide emissions, in billion tons per year (Gton/yr)? 9) What is the current amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, in parts per million (ppm)? 400 parts per million  10) For the past million years, until the most recent century, what was the range of carbon dioxide the atmosphere (in ppm)?   175-280 parts per million 11) How many tons of garbage does each person in the US throw away each year?   4.5 tons per year 12) How many tons of garbage did each person in the US throw away each year in 1990? 13) What percentage of our garbage do we recycle? 35% 

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy? 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum? 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal? 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas? 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum? 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal? 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas? 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum? 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal? 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas? 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum?   Venezuela (22%); Saudi Arabia (20%), Canada (13%) 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal? 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas? 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum?   Venezuela (22%); Saudi Arabia (20%), Canada (13%) 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal?   US (27%); Russia (17%); China (13%) 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas? 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum?   Venezuela (22%); Saudi Arabia (20%), Canada (13%) 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal?   US (27%); Russia (17%); China (13%) 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas?   Russia (24%); Iran (16%); Qatar (12%) 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium? 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum?   Venezuela (22%); Saudi Arabia (20%), Canada (13%) 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal?   US (27%); Russia (17%); China (13%) 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas?   Russia (24%); Iran (16%); Qatar (12%) 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium?   Australia (31%); Kazakhstan (12%) 20) What country uses the most coal?  

14) What are the two fastest growing sources of energy?   Wind, coal; (in the US: natural gas) 15) What percentage of total global energy use in 2012 came from from solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, and biofuels? 19% (9% traditional biomass; 4.2% modern biomass; 3.8% hydropower; 2% everything else) 16) What two countries have the largest reserves of petroleum?   Venezuela (22%); Saudi Arabia (20%), Canada (13%) 17) What two countries have the largest reserves of coal?   US (27%); Russia (17%); China (13%) 18) What two countries have the largest reserves of natural gas?   Russia (24%); Iran (16%); Qatar (12%) 19) What two countries have the largest reserves of uranium?   Australia (31%); Kazakhstan (12%) 20) What country uses the most coal? China (>50%)  

ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT Themes: We use a lot of energy There are many different energy sources available There is no one single perfect energy source: each has plusses and minuses Fossil fuels will dominate throughout your lifetimes Solar-based fuels will dominate for the rest of humanity’s future How the transition occurs is unknown In any case, the environmental impacts of human use of energy will be enormous We are addicted to energy; will do anything to get it – lie, beg, steal, and kill The story of humanity is the story of energy, starting from the very first ability to burn wood to make fire We are also critically dependent upon it. Nov. 9, 1965 – a power relay at Niagara Falls tripped; cascade led to 12-hr blackout in New York City and 30 million people Solar storm in 1989 (March 13) – blackout in eastern Canada – 6 million for 9 hrs; knocked out satellite communications! If all power went out, how long would we last? (theme of lots of post-apocalyptic stories) We don’t even know how to make plows without power. The moment we hooked up oxen to pull plows 10,000 years ago, we stepped onto a path of energy dependency that we can’t ever get off.

Yesterday: 7,217,660,000 (U.S. Census Bureau) For US Only: 320,158,000