SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

WWII Hook Question Did World War I have a direct effect on the start of World War II? Be able to explain your answer.

Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II Political and economic conditions in Europe and throughout the world after World War I led directly to World War II: 1. The Treaty of Versailles, ending World War I, was particularly harsh on Germany and many Germans came to blame western Europe and America for their hardship. 2. Political and economic instability in Europe caused worldwide depression 3. Rise of Fascist Dictators WWII begins Sept. 1, 1939, when Germany attacked Poland SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

• Germany – Adolf Hitler Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II Just as America turned to Roosevelt as a means to recover from the Depression, many European nations began to turn to fascist dictators who promised to end the Depression. • Germany – Adolf Hitler • Japan – Hideki Tojo • Italy – Benito Mussolini SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman Allied Leaders Joseph Stalin Soviet Union Charles de Gaulle France Winston Churchill Great Britain Franklin D. Roosevelt and Harry S. Truman United States

The Axis powers quickly gained the upper hand in the war, Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II The Axis powers quickly gained the upper hand in the war, conquering much of Europe and the Pacific…but the United States chose to remain neutral in the conflict. The Axis: • Germany • Japan • Italy The Allies: • Great Britain • France • Soviet Union VS. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

A Neutral United States Hitler turned on Stalin in 1941 and invaded the Soviet Union. • Though the U.S. was neutral, Roosevelt wanted the democratic nations of Europe (mainly France and Great Britain) to survive.

WORLD WAR II Several events began to draw America into the war: Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II Several events began to draw America into the war: The Lend-Lease Act: • In 1941, Congress passed the Lend-Lease Act, lending supplies to any country whose defense was critical to U.S. security, in exchange for bases on Greenland and Iceland. • The U.S. ultimately provided the Allies with $50 billion in supplies. • Lend-Lease was able to allow the U.S. to support the Allies without committing U.S. troops. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

WORLD WAR II Japanese Aggression in Asia: Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II Japanese Aggression in Asia: • Tensions between the United States and the Empire of Japan increased because of Japanese conquests of China, Thailand, and Indochina. President Roosevelt stopped exports of oil, airplanes, aviation gasoline and metals to Japan, to protest its expansion into other countries. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

The Attack on Pearl Harbor: Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II The Attack on Pearl Harbor: • Sunday, December 7, 1941, shortly before 8 A.M., the Empire of Japan launched a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor. • The attack came in two waves and lasted for over two hours. It crippled the U.S. Pacific fleet, sinking or damaging 8 battleships, 13 other ships, 188 planes, and killing 2,400. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

The Attack on Pearl Harbor: Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II The Attack on Pearl Harbor: • The attack on Pearl Harbor was the greatest attack in the history of the U.S., until the 9-11 terrorist attacks. • Japan hoped to destroy the fleet giving them control of the Pacific Ocean. • The following day, December 8, 1941, the U.S. Congress declared war on Japan. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. WORLD WAR II The attack at Pearl Harbor brought the enormous military might of the U.S. into the war: • On June 6, 1944, the U.S. led the D-Day invasion of Nazi occupied Europe. • By May 8, 1945, Hitler was dead and Nazi Germany surrendered to the Allies. • By August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered to the Allies after the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.

American Military Forces Millions enlisted after the attack on Pearl Harbor. 330,000 women joined, but could not serve in combat. Segregation in the military meant African American and white service men were in different units. Tuskegee Airmen: famous African American flyers of the Army Air Force After the war, women and African Americans did not want to go back to the life they had before the war.

Georgia’s Contributions To WWII

Georgia During World War II Farmers grew needed crops – tripled their income Limited goods such as gasoline, meat, butter, and sugar (rationing) Students were encouraged to buy war bonds and defense stamps to pay for the war. POW (prisoner of war) camps were located at some GA bases. Brunswick and Savannah Shipyards supplied ships for the US Navy, and Bell Aircraft built B-29 Bomber planes.

Bell Aircraft -Bell Aircraft- known as the Bell Bomber plant, this manufacturing plant in Marietta, GA produced B-29 bomber planes for the war -Helped war by putting people to work and by producing planes for the war -At its peak in 1945… The Bell Bomber Plant employed 28,158 workers, 37% of which were women. -Women were working men’s jobs -“Rosie the Riveter” The B-29 Bomber

Women at work

Savannah and Brunswick Shipyards GA’s biggest civilian contribution came in the form of shipbuilding 200 “liberty ships” built during WWII Women employed in various jobs at the shipyards Designed to carry everything: mail, troops, trucks, food, etc. Savannah and Brunswick Shipyards

GA was the site of many important military bases during the war (again) Every major city in GA had a military installation of some sort. Fort Benning- largest infantry school “boot camp” in the world Located near Columbus, GA Military Bases

IMPACT of WWII on Georgia: 320,000 Georgians joined the armed forces . Georgia’s bases trained tens of thousands of soldiers for battle in World War II. Military bases brought new populations to the state. The war economically boosted cities located near these military bases.

Carl Vinson U.S. Representative from 1914-1965 Served over 50 years in H.O.R “The Father of the Two-Ocean Navy” Supported bills to strengthen military New planes New ships New military bases Has 2 nuclear powered aircraft named in his honor

Richard B. Russell -Governor 1931-33 -U.S. Senator 1933-1971 (38 yrs.) youngest to serve in Senate -During Russell’s time in office the governor gained more control over state spending -Supported FDR -Influential in installation of military bases in GA. which brought more jobs to the state -Segregationist

The Holocaust The Holocaust: name of the Nazi plan to kill all Jewish people, and others deemed “undesirable.” Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Dachau, Treblinka, Bergen-Belsen were infamous concentration camps where Jews and others were executed. 6 million Jewish people were killed in the Holocaust; approximately 5 million other “undesirables” also killed.

Roosevelt’s Ties to GA President Roosevelt visited Georgia often at his “Little White House” in Warm Springs, GA. He had a lot pain due to his polio symptoms His polio symptoms were eased in the mineral springs. April 24, 1945: President Roosevelt died at Warm Springs

What do you remember about…World War II? Lesson Six (SS8H9a) – The student will describe the impact of events leading up to American involvement in World War II to include Lend-Lease and the bombing of Pearl Harbor. What do you remember about…World War II? 1. At the start of the war, the Allied powers were ____________. 2. The Axis powers were _____________________________. 3. The leader of Nazi Germany was _____________________. 4. The U.S. provided the Allies with supplies through the ______. 5. The U.S. entered World War II after the attack on _________. 6. The attack on Pearl Harbor occurred on ________________. 7. The nation that attacked the U.S. at Pearl Harbor was _____. 8. Japan surrendered after the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on _________ and ________. SS8H9 – The student will describe the impact of World War II on Georgia’s development economically, socially, and politically.