MATERIAL SCIENCE HONORS Material Performance
What Material Scientists Do ☺
Properties of Materials Chemical Properties Color, Density, Size, Magnetism, Melting and Boiling points, Crystal Structure, Luster, Viscosity Workability, Brittleness, Hardness, Elasticity, Plasticity, Toughness, Strength Conductivity, Specific Heat, Thermal Expansion Burning Reaction to Acids/Water Corrosion/OxidationReduction Physical Properties Properties of Materials Mechanical Properties Thermal Properties
What Material Scientists Do ☺
Synthesis of New Materials The 20th century witnessed an explosion in the development of synthetic materials, as well as the creation of new combinations of materials to achieve desired physical effects.
Desired Performance Now there is a whole new generation of novel materials with specifically with specifically tailored properties.
Desired Material Performance Strength
Strength
Improving Strength
Bond metal to remaining bone. Improving Strength Bond metal to remaining bone.
Regular bone cement is brittle & lasts only for a few years! Improving Strength Regular bone cement is brittle & lasts only for a few years!
Improving Strength How to bond the metal to the remaining bone. Regular bone cement is brittle and last only for a few years! Add a porous metal powder to the cement causes a rough surface to rub against the bone causing bone growth that forms a more permanent intertwining between bone and metal.
Strength vs. Temperature
Strength vs. Temperature
Desired Material Performance Strength Flexibility
Flexibility
Stress vs. Strain Modulus of Elasticity (Young’s Modulus) Elastic Limit 2-4 Permanent Deformation
Stress vs. Strain Metals Ceramics Stress Polymers Strain
Tough Tubes! The Nanotube !
Even after 500,000 compressions, the nanotube block retained its original shape and mechanical properties. Original 500,000X +
Desired Material Performance Strength Flexibility Wear
Wear At the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, excessive tire wear caused six competition cautions.
The speedway has grooves ground into the surface for grip.
The new tires’ rubber turned to dust and didn’t fill in the grooves like years past!
Desired Material Performance Strength Flexibility Wear Cost
Cost $/pound.
steel aluminium magnesium plastics
Improving Performance
Desired Material Performance Strength Flexibility Wear Cost Effects on Environment
Effects on the Environment
Replace metal alloy blades with those made of ceramics- allow higher operating temperatures.
Research Project #1 Wind Belt
Research Project #1
Professor Aaron Mazzeo PhD Mazzeo Group Professor Aaron Mazzeo PhD
What Turns The Wheel?
Greenhouse Gases
What Turns The Wheel?
Wind Turbine
Conventional wind generators with rotating blades do not scale down well.
Due to high friction of moving parts and other mechanical components, size does matter!
Wind Belt
Wind belt is a vibrating membrane that can generate electricity.
Wind belts do not require any mechanical moving parts so they do scale down well.
This small wind belt generator produces power sufficient for battery charging.
While enjoying the outdoors, your wind belt generator can easily recharge your portable radio, iPod, iPad, cell phone, small LED flashlight and much more.
This smaller wind belt can be used in situations where conventional wind generator would normally fail to give useful power output.
Wind belts are particularly suited to providing electricity in isolated areas of the developing world.
Where solar or conventional wind power are too costly or simply inaccessible.
Design & construct a small scale, low-cost wind belt. Research Project #1 Objective #1 Design & construct a small scale, low-cost wind belt.
Research Project #1 Objective #2 Test the performance of different types of materials have on the overall power output of the wind belt.
Research Project #1 Title Page Title Name(s) Date
Research Project #1 Page 1 PROBLEM Test the performance of different types of materials have on the overall power output of the wind belt.
Research Project #1 Page 2 ABSTRACT Sustainable Energy Wind Belt Operation Deflection
Research Project #1 Page 3 ANAYSIS Best Material Tested Judgment Criteria
Research Project #1 Page 4 DATA Group Data Chart Group Graph (Bar)
Research Project #1 Page 5 MATERIALS
Research Project #1 Page 6 PROCEDURES
Old School!
Athletic Footwear of Today .
What Material Scientists Do ☺
RESEARCH PROJECT #2 Sneaker Science
RESEARCH PROJECT #2
Energy Absorption
Friction Testing
Friction Testing
Friction Testing
Coefficient of Static Friction Project Goals Coefficient of Static Friction
Coefficient of Static Friction Coefficient of Sliding Friction Project Goals Coefficient of Static Friction Coefficient of Sliding Friction
Coefficient of Kinetic Friction
Coefficient of Static Friction Coefficient of Sliding Friction Project Goals Coefficient of Static Friction Coefficient of Sliding Friction Young’s Modulus
Instrom
Laser Lever
Laser Lever As weight is added to the piston (stress), the reflected laser beam measures the displacement (strain).