The Scientific Revolution Cause of the Enlightenment
Key Figures of the Sc. Revolution Name From? Contribution Impact Aristotle Ptolemy Copernicus Brahe Kepler Galileo Bacon Descartes Newton
Aristotle Ancient Greek Philosopher (384-322 BCE) Developed early form of experimentation and observation (Father of Scientific Method) Foundations of Geocentric Theory
Ptolemy Ancient Greek Astonomer (90-168CE) “Student” of Aristotle Used observation Founded Geocentric Theory (150 CE) Geo = Earth Centric = Center Catholic Church adopts his theory
Nicholas Copernicus Polish clergyman- Catholic (1473-1543) Heliocentric Theory Helio=sun Centric = center Publishes De Revolutionibus Orbium Caelestrium on his death bed (1543) Challenged the Church Polish $1-pass around
Tycho Brahe Danish Astronomer (Denmark 1546-1601) Had a fake nose Set up an observatory Theory ½ between Ptolemy & Copernicus. Why? Fears church?
Johannes Kepler Brahe’s assistant German Noble & Scientist (1571-1630) Backs Heliocentric theory with math Prints findings Lutheran 3 Laws of Planetary motion Elliptical, velocity, orbital times.
Galileo Galilei Italian Scientist (1564-1642) 1st Catholic to confirm Heliocentric theory Work w/ gravity Wrote Dialogue Concerning the 2 Chief World System More devastating than Luther? Forced to recant Story about torture chamber song Lippershey 1609
Sir Francis Bacon English philosopher & Scientist (1561-1626) Scientific Method Observe Hypothesize Experiment Test Conclusion He brought it home! Truth not assumed
Isaac Newton English philosopher, mathematician, & physicist & (1642-1726) Laws of Gravity Calculus Principia Asking the question is only ½ the problem, the proof remains Apple fall?
Rene Descartes French philosopher & mathematician (1596-1650) Devised geometry Said “I think, therefore I am” Means? Sum of Age of Reason?
Other Key Figures Celsius- 1742 0 degr. Janssen- 1590 microsc. Galen (129-200CE) anatomy dissects animals (greek) Vesalius 1453 book & 1st to legally dissect Jenner 1780’s vaccine for smallpox Boyle-1661 book, founder of chemistry Janssen- 1590 microsc. Leeuwenhoek-1st bacteria/blood 1670’s Torricelli- 1643 1st mercury barometer Fahrenheit-1714 1st glass barometer 32 degrees